Euvrard Sylvie, Kanitakis Jean, Cochat Pierre, Claudy Alain
Dermatology Department, Hopital Edouard Herriott, Lyon, France.
Dermatol Surg. 2004 Apr;30(4 Pt 2):616-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2004.30146.x.
Organ transplant recipients taking immunosuppressants are at increased risk of skin cancer. Although several studies have been devoted to adult transplant patients, few data are available on the long-term skin malignancies following pediatric organ transplantation.
The objective of this study was to present the current state of knowledge on skin malignancies in patients who received their graft during childhood.
This study reviews data from the literature and includes our personal experience.
Skin cancer is the most frequent malignancy following pediatric renal transplantation and the second most common after pediatric nonrenal transplantation. Skin cancers mainly include squamous and basal cell carcinomas. The occurrence of skin cancer in transplanted children is an extremely rare event during childhood. By contrast, skin carcinomas develop in early adulthood at an average age of 27 years. Other reported skin malignancies include anogenital carcinomas and melanoma. Cutaneous forms of Kaposi's sarcoma are exceptional in children.
The increased risk of skin cancer following pediatric transplantation justifies prevention and adequate education of children and their parents concerning sun avoidance and protection.
接受免疫抑制剂治疗的器官移植受者患皮肤癌的风险增加。尽管已有多项研究针对成年移植患者，但关于小儿器官移植后长期皮肤恶性肿瘤的数据却很少。
本研究的目的是呈现儿童期接受移植的患者皮肤恶性肿瘤的当前知识状况。
本研究回顾了文献数据并纳入了我们的个人经验。
皮肤癌是小儿肾移植后最常见的恶性肿瘤，在小儿非肾移植后是第二常见的。皮肤癌主要包括鳞状细胞癌和基底细胞癌。移植儿童患皮肤癌在儿童期是极其罕见的事件。相比之下，皮肤癌在成年早期平均27岁时发生。其他报道的皮肤恶性肿瘤包括肛门生殖器癌和黑色素瘤。儿童期皮肤型卡波西肉瘤很罕见。
小儿移植后皮肤癌风险增加，这证明有必要对儿童及其父母进行预防以及关于避免和防护阳光的充分教育。
