Liang Yu, Shimokawa Kazuma, Yoshida Shigeo, Sugimori Eriko
Graduate School of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.
Cyber Interface Laboratory, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Front Psychol. 2020 Jan 10;10:2826. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02826. eCollection 2019.
Facial expressions influence our experience and perception of emotions-they not only tell other people what we are feeling but also might tell us what to feel sensory feedback. We conducted three experiments to investigate the interaction between facial feedback phenomena and different environmental stimuli, by asking participants to remember emotional autobiographical memories. Moreover, we examined how people with schizotypal traits would be affected by their experience of emotional facial simulations. We found that using a directed approach (gripping a pencil with teeth/lips) while remembering a specific autobiographical memory could successfully evoke participants' positive (e.g., happy and excited)/negative (e.g., angry and sad) emotions (i.e., Experiment 1). When using indirective environmental stimuli (e.g., teardrop glasses), the results of our experiments (i.e., Experiments 2 and 3) investigating facial feedback and the effect of teardrop glasses showed that participants who scored low in schizotypy reported little effect from wearing teardrop glasses, while those with high schizotypy reported a much greater effect in both between- and within-subject conditions. The results are discussed from the perspective of sense of ownership, which people with schizophrenia are believed to have deficits in.
面部表情会影响我们对情绪的体验和感知——它们不仅向他人传达我们的感受，还可能通过感觉反馈告诉我们该有什么感受。我们进行了三项实验，通过要求参与者回忆情感自传式记忆，来研究面部反馈现象与不同环境刺激之间的相互作用。此外，我们还研究了具有分裂型特质的人如何受到情感面部模拟体验的影响。我们发现，在回忆特定的自传式记忆时，采用定向方法（用牙齿/嘴唇咬住铅笔）能够成功唤起参与者的积极情绪（如快乐和兴奋）/消极情绪（如愤怒和悲伤）（即实验1）。当使用间接性环境刺激（如泪滴眼镜）时，我们关于面部反馈和泪滴眼镜效果的实验结果（即实验2和实验3）表明，分裂型特质得分低的参与者表示戴泪滴眼镜几乎没有效果，而得分高的参与者在组间和组内条件下都报告有更大的效果。我们从所有权感的角度对结果进行了讨论，因为人们认为精神分裂症患者在这方面存在缺陷。
