Al-Darkazly Ibtisam A Abbas, Hasan S M Rezaul
Center for Research in Analog and VLSI Microsystems Design (CRAVE), School of Advanced TechnologyMassey UniversityAuckland0632New Zealand.
IEEE J Transl Eng Health Med. 2020 Jan 9;8:4100113. doi: 10.1109/JTEHM.2020.2963894. eCollection 2020.
investigation of the extra-low-frequency (ELF) stimulation effect on blood-cell proteins, that causes variation in its electrostatic-state. A hypothesis that this results in the conformational change in the blood-cell proteins which could enhance immune activity is explored. Since HIV-1 and host-cell engage through charge-charge interactions, an electrical-pulse may cause charge redistribution, hypothetically resulting in host-cell proteins to be isolated from viral access. Buffy coat samples were exposed to ELF square waveform pulses of 5Hz, 10Hz and 1MHz, for 2-hours, and were then examined using immunofluorescence technique. The expression of glycoprotein CD4, and co-receptor protein CCR5, were investigated. Also, the binding activity of the N-terminal domain of CCR5 and the distribution of the nuclear-pore-complex (NPC) transport factor, FGNup153 were investigated. Comparison with control samples were carried out. Increased CD4 count, which could enhance the immune system. In addition, the inability of N-terminus-specific antibody to bind to CCR5 N-terminal, could be due to the interactions with the ELF electric-field, which may also hypothetically inhibit HIV-1 attachment. Furthermore, the electrostatic interactions between the ELF pulse and the FGNup153 induces redistribution in its disorder sequence and possibly causes conformational change. This could possibly prevent large virus particle transport through the NPC. Conclusion: Novel concept of ELF stimulation of blood cellular proteins has been developed leading to transformation of immune activity. Clinical-Impact: The translational aspect is the use of ELF as an avenue of electro-medicine and the results are a possible foundation for the clinical application of ELF stimulation in immune response.
对极低频（ELF）刺激对血细胞蛋白质的影响进行研究，这种刺激会导致其静电状态发生变化。探讨了一种假设，即这会导致血细胞蛋白质的构象变化，从而增强免疫活性。由于HIV-1与宿主细胞通过电荷-电荷相互作用结合，电脉冲可能会导致电荷重新分布，据推测这会使宿主细胞蛋白质与病毒接触隔离。将血沉棕黄层样本暴露于5Hz、10Hz和1MHz的ELF方波脉冲下2小时，然后使用免疫荧光技术进行检测。研究了糖蛋白CD4和共受体蛋白CCR5的表达。此外，还研究了CCR5 N端结构域的结合活性以及核孔复合体（NPC）转运因子FGNup153的分布。与对照样本进行了比较。CD4计数增加，这可以增强免疫系统。此外，N端特异性抗体无法与CCR5 N端结合，可能是由于与ELF电场的相互作用，据推测这也可能抑制HIV-1的附着。此外，ELF脉冲与FGNup153之间的静电相互作用会诱导其无序序列重新分布，并可能导致构象变化。这可能会阻止大病毒颗粒通过NPC转运。结论：已开发出极低频刺激血细胞蛋白质的新概念，可导致免疫活性的转变。临床影响：转化方面是将极低频用作电子医学途径，其结果是极低频刺激在免疫反应中的临床应用的可能基础。
