College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Apr;27(11):12781-12791. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-07842-0. Epub 2020 Feb 1.
The commonly employed design of detention tanks cannot effectively control overflow pollution because of non-stormwater entry and sewer sediments in the urban drainage system. Herein, a multi-source overflow model considering both overflow water quality and quantity has been developed for simulating real overflow events. Subcatchment and drainage information is extracted through geographic information system (ArcGIS) and a multi-source overflow model is developed in Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) by coupling runoff mode, non-stormwater mode, and sediment mode. This model is successfully calibrated and validated with the reasonable root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 8.2 and 5.8% for water quality and quantity, respectively. The simulated results suggest that the misconnected non-stormwater entry can affect overflow contaminant concentrations over the period of overflow due to its continuous pollution, while sewer sediments mainly exert effects on the peak pollution period of overflow. Based on model prediction, an approach called overflow peak pollution interception (OPPI) is proposed for model application and design optimization. The OPPI designed detention tank is suitable for high non-stormwater entries and long antecedent dry days (large amount of sediment). A case study is conducted in a high-density urban area of Shanghai, and compared with two commonly employed design methods in Germany and China, which have the similar design principle of volume, relying on amount of precipitation multiplying area of region, the combination of overflow model and OPPI approach enables to offer more accurate and effective design of detention tanks for pollution control in urban areas. Graphical abstract .
由于城市排水系统中非雨水进水和污水沉淀物的存在，常用的滞留池设计无法有效控制溢流污染。为此，本文开发了一种多源溢流模型，该模型考虑了溢流的水质和水量，以模拟真实的溢流事件。通过地理信息系统（ArcGIS）提取子流域和排水信息，并在雨水管理模型（SWMM）中通过耦合径流模式、非雨水模式和泥沙模式来开发多源溢流模型。该模型经过合理的校准和验证，水质和水量的均方根误差（RMSE）分别为 8.2%和 5.8%。模拟结果表明，由于非雨水进水的连续污染，错误连接的非雨水进水会影响整个溢流期间的溢流污染物浓度，而污水沉淀物主要对溢流的峰值污染期产生影响。基于模型预测，提出了一种称为溢流峰值污染拦截（OPPI）的方法，用于模型应用和设计优化。设计的 OPPI 滞留池适用于高非雨水进水和长前期干燥天数（大量沉淀物）的情况。在上海的一个高密度城区进行了案例研究，并与德国和中国常用的两种设计方法进行了比较，这两种方法在体积设计原理上相似，都是依靠降水量乘以区域面积。溢流模型和 OPPI 方法的结合能够为城市地区的污染控制提供更准确、有效的滞留池设计。
