Carek Stephen M, Clugston James R
Department of Family Medicine, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine-Greenville, Center for Family Medicine - Greenville, 877 West Faris Road, Greenville, SC 29605, USA.
Department of Community Health & Family Medicine and Department of Neurology, University Athletic Association University of Florida, UF Student Health Care Center, 280 Fletcher Dr | PO Box 117500, Gainesville, FL 32611-7500, USA.
Prim Care. 2020 Mar;47(1):177-188. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2019.10.010. Epub 2019 Oct 16.
Injuries from sports-related head trauma are commonly encountered by primary care providers. These injuries vary in clinical presentation, severity, and outcome, with sports-related concussion (SRC) being the most common and more severe sports-related head trauma, such as hemorrhage, and "second impact syndrome" occurring rarely. Understanding the importance of immediate recognition, removal from play, multimodal evaluation, and typical patterns of recovery is necessary to safely manage an athlete with SRC. Proper care of athletes with severe sports-related head trauma requires a high index of suspicion and appropriate initial management to maximize survival and minimize morbidity.
初级保健提供者经常会遇到与运动相关的头部创伤。这些损伤在临床表现、严重程度和预后方面各不相同，其中与运动相关的脑震荡（SRC）是最常见且更严重的与运动相关的头部创伤，如出血，而“二次撞击综合征”则很少发生。了解立即识别、停止比赛、多模式评估以及典型恢复模式的重要性，对于安全管理患有SRC的运动员至关重要。对患有严重运动相关头部创伤的运动员进行妥善护理需要高度的怀疑指数和适当的初始管理，以最大限度地提高生存率并降低发病率。
