Tuuliainen Eveliina, Autonen-Honkonen Kirsi, Nihtilä Annamari, Komulainen Kaija, Nykänen Irma, Hartikainen Sirpa, Ahonen Riitta, Tiihonen Miia, Suominen Anna-Liisa
Oral Health Prev Dent. 2020 Jul 4;18(2):253-262. doi: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a43353.
To describe oral health and hygiene in old home care clients and investigate how functional ability was associated with them.
This study employed part of the baseline data of a multidisciplinary intervention study of 269 home care clients aged ≥75 years, living in Eastern and Central Finland. Structured interviews were used to measure ability to function in activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), comorbidity (functional comorbidity index, FCI), depression (geriatric depression scale, GDS-15), cognitive function (mini-mental state examination, MMSE), nutritional status (mini nutritional assessment, MNA) and numbers of prescription drugs used. Clinical oral examination was included.
The majority of participants were at least moderately dependent on support for ADL. Of the examined, 46% were edentulous and average number of teeth was 8.4. Dental plaque in ≥ 20% of teeth present was detected in 74%, bleeding on probing in ≥ 25% of teeth examined in 75%, and caries in 30% of the dentate participants. In multivariate analyses, better functional ability (ADL) was statistically significantly associated with lower occurrence of dental plaque in ≥ 20% of teeth present. Better functional ability (ADL) and higher number of teeth were associated with lower occurrence of bleeding on probing in ≥ 25% of teeth examined and higher number of teeth with plaque with higher occurrence of bleeding on probing.
Impaired functional ability is an important determinant of poor oral health and hygiene among old home care clients.
描述老年居家护理患者的口腔健康与卫生状况，并调查功能能力与它们之间的关联。
本研究采用了一项针对269名年龄≥75岁、居住在芬兰东部和中部的居家护理患者的多学科干预研究的部分基线数据。采用结构化访谈来测量日常生活活动（ADL）、工具性日常生活活动（IADL）的功能能力、合并症（功能合并症指数，FCI）、抑郁（老年抑郁量表，GDS-15）、认知功能（简易精神状态检查表，MMSE）、营养状况（微型营养评定，MNA）以及使用的处方药数量。包括临床口腔检查。
大多数参与者在ADL方面至少有中度的支持依赖。在接受检查的人中，46%无牙，平均牙齿数量为8.4颗。74%的人在≥20%的现存牙齿上检测到牙菌斑，75%的人在≥25%的检查牙齿上探诊出血，30%的有牙参与者有龋齿。在多变量分析中，较好的功能能力（ADL）与≥20%的现存牙齿上牙菌斑发生率较低在统计学上显著相关。较好的功能能力（ADL）和较多的牙齿数量与≥25%的检查牙齿上探诊出血发生率较低相关，而牙齿上有菌斑且探诊出血发生率较高与较多的牙齿数量相关。
功能能力受损是老年居家护理患者口腔健康与卫生状况差的一个重要决定因素。
