Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Department of Health Sciences, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020 Dec;28(12):3858-3864. doi: 10.1007/s00167-020-05856-2. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
The purpose of this study was to three-dimensionally analyse the size and shape of the femoral posterior condyles of the normal knee.
A total of 62 healthy Japanese volunteers (37 males and 25 females) providing a sample of 124 normal knee joints, who had no knee-related symptoms and no history of major trauma, underwent computed tomography scans of the bilateral femur and tibia. Three-dimensional digital models of the femur were constructed from computed tomography data using visualisation and modelling software. The following parameters were evaluated: (1) the radii of the posterior condyles approximated to spheres and (2) the inclination angle of the posterior condyles in the coronal plane of the femoral coordinate system.
The radii of the medial and lateral condyles approximated to spheres were 17.0 ± 1.6 and 17.1 ± 1.8 mm, respectively and were not different. The inclination angles of the medial and lateral condyles in the coronal plane were - 0.6° ± 4.6° and 9.7° ± 5.7°, respectively. The medial condyle was almost vertical, whereas the lateral one was medially tilted.
This study found an asymmetrical inclination between medial and lateral condyles. This may be related to the asymmetrical motion of the knee, which is known as medial pivot motion. This finding provides valuable morphological information and may be useful for implant designs for total knee arthroplasty.
IV.
本研究旨在三维分析正常膝关节股骨后髁的大小和形状。
共纳入 62 名健康日本志愿者（37 名男性和 25 名女性），124 个正常膝关节作为样本，这些志愿者均无膝关节相关症状，无重大创伤史，双侧股骨和胫骨行 CT 扫描。使用可视化和建模软件从 CT 数据构建股骨的三维数字模型。评估以下参数：（1）近似于球体的后髁半径；（2）股骨坐标系冠状面的后髁倾斜角。
内侧和外侧髁近似球体的半径分别为 17.0±1.6 和 17.1±1.8mm，两者无差异。冠状面内侧和外侧髁的倾斜角分别为-0.6°±4.6°和 9.7°±5.7°。内侧髁几乎垂直，而外侧髁则向内侧倾斜。
本研究发现内侧和外侧髁之间存在不对称的倾斜。这可能与膝关节的不对称运动有关，即内侧旋转运动。这一发现提供了有价值的形态学信息，可能对全膝关节置换术的植入物设计有用。
IV。
