Allergy Center, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Pediatrics Clinic, Department of Paediatrics, Ospedale San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2020 Feb;31 Suppl 24:46-48. doi: 10.1111/pai.13161.
Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) represents at present the unique disease-modifying treatment strategy for IgE-mediated allergic diseases. AIT can induce clinical improvement of allergic asthma, including reduced symptoms, medication use, and improvement of quality of life, with a long-lasting effect after cessation of treatment. Notably, the current asthma guidelines are now recommending sublingual immunotherapy as an add-on therapy for asthma in adults and adolescents with house dust mite allergy. Clinical indications of AIT, with particular reference to pediatric asthma, mechanisms of clinical and immunological tolerance to allergens, and the potential biomarkers predicting clinical response are discussed.
变应原免疫治疗（AIT）目前是 IgE 介导的过敏性疾病唯一的疾病修正治疗策略。AIT 可诱导过敏性哮喘的临床改善，包括减少症状、药物使用和生活质量的改善，并且在治疗停止后具有持久的效果。值得注意的是，目前的哮喘指南现在推荐舌下免疫治疗作为尘螨过敏的成人和青少年哮喘的附加治疗。讨论了 AIT 的临床适应证，特别是儿科哮喘、对变应原的临床和免疫耐受的机制，以及预测临床反应的潜在生物标志物。
