Świtaj Piotr, Grygiel Paweł, Krzyżanowska-Zbucka Joanna, Sonik Janina, Chrostek Anna, Jahołkowski Piotr, Wciórka Jacek, Anczewska Marta
I Klinika Psychiatryczna, Instytut Psychiatrii i Neurologii.
Instytut Pedagogiki, Uniwersytet Jagielloński.
Psychiatr Pol. 2019 Dec 31;53(6):1219-1236. doi: 10.12740/PP/109818.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of anti-stigma training led by people who had previously experienced mental health crises (i.e., "experts by experience") on various aspects of participants' attitudes towards the people with mental illness.
The three-hour workshops were attended by 185 people; the training was held in 17 groups, with 3-19 people in each (11 on average). Almost half of the participants (45.4%) were employees of the mental health care system. The participants were asked to fill out a set of questionnaires immediately before and after the training, which evaluated the following aspects of their attitudes: social distance, stigmatizing attributions, beliefs about self-determination/ ability to attain important life goals by people with mental illness, and also beliefs about the social value of people with mental illness. The respondents were asked to complete the same set of questionnaires again online a month and six months after the training. The data were analyzed based on a piecewise latent trajectory model.
Out of the 185 people who participated in the workshops, 115 (62.2%) filled out the questionnaires a month after, and 87 (47.0%) six months after the training. The analyses showed an improvement in all four measures of attitudes expressed directly after the training. In three out of the four examined aspects of attitudes (intensity of social distance, stigmatizing attributions and beliefs about self-determination of people with mental illness) the positive impact of the training continued after six months.
The results provide preliminary empirical evidence that the structured antistigma intervention under evaluation, using the elements of education and interpersonal contact can be an effective tool for improving social attitudes towards people with mental illness.
本研究旨在评估由曾经历过心理健康危机的人（即“有亲身经历的专家”）主导的反污名化培训对参与者对精神疾病患者态度的各个方面的影响。
185人参加了为期三小时的工作坊；培训以17个小组进行，每组3 - 19人（平均每组11人）。近一半的参与者（45.4%）是精神卫生保健系统的员工。要求参与者在培训前后立即填写一套问卷，问卷评估了他们态度的以下方面：社会距离、污名化归因、对精神疾病患者自我决定/实现重要生活目标能力的信念，以及对精神疾病患者社会价值的信念。要求受访者在培训后一个月和六个月再次在线完成同一套问卷。数据基于分段潜在轨迹模型进行分析。
在参加工作坊的185人中，115人（62.2%）在培训后一个月填写了问卷，87人（47.0%）在培训后六个月填写了问卷。分析表明，培训后直接表达的所有四项态度指标均有所改善。在四个被考察的态度方面中的三个方面（社会距离强度、污名化归因以及对精神疾病患者自我决定的信念），培训的积极影响在六个月后仍然持续。
研究结果提供了初步的实证证据，即正在评估的结构化反污名化干预措施，利用教育和人际接触的要素，可能是改善对精神疾病患者社会态度的有效工具。
