Koulenti Despoina, Xu Elena, Song Andrew, Sum Mok Isaac Yin, Karageorgopoulos Drosos E, Armaganidis Apostolos, Tsiodras Sotirios, Lipman Jeffrey
UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
2nd Critical Care Department, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece.
Microorganisms. 2020 Jan 30;8(2):191. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8020191.
Antimicrobial agents are currently the mainstay of treatment for bacterial infections worldwide. However, due to the increased use of antimicrobials in both human and animal medicine, pathogens have now evolved to possess high levels of multi-drug resistance, leading to the persistence and spread of difficult-to-treat infections. Several current antibacterial agents active against Gram-positive bacteria will be rendered useless in the face of increasing resistance rates. There are several emerging antibiotics under development, some of which have been shown to be more effective with an improved safety profile than current treatment regimens against Gram-positive bacteria. We will extensively discuss these antibiotics under clinical development (phase I-III clinical trials) to combat Gram-positive bacteria, such as , and . We will delve into the mechanism of actions, microbiological spectrum, and, where available, the pharmacokinetics, safety profile, and efficacy of these drugs, aiming to provide a comprehensive review to the involved stakeholders.
抗菌药物目前是全球细菌感染治疗的主要手段。然而,由于抗菌药物在人类和兽医学中的使用增加,病原体现已进化出高水平的多重耐药性,导致难治性感染持续存在并传播。面对革兰氏阳性菌耐药率的不断上升,目前几种对革兰氏阳性菌有效的抗菌药物将变得无用。目前有几种正在研发的新型抗生素,其中一些已被证明比目前针对革兰氏阳性菌的治疗方案更有效且安全性更高。我们将广泛讨论这些处于临床开发阶段(I-III期临床试验)用于对抗革兰氏阳性菌的抗生素,如 、 和 。我们将深入探讨这些药物的作用机制、微生物谱,并在可行的情况下探讨其药代动力学、安全性和疗效,旨在为相关利益攸关方提供全面的综述。