Department of Translational Neuroscience, Grand Rapids Research Center, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, 400 Monroe Ave NW, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA.
Curr Environ Health Rep. 2020 Jun;7(2):109-120. doi: 10.1007/s40572-020-00268-3.
The aims of this review are to evaluate the methods used to measure 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), and then summarize the available data investigating the impact of environmental factors on 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) in the brain.
Recent research has shown that some environmental factors, including exposure to exogenous chemicals, stress, altered diet, and exercise, are all associated with 5-hmC variation in the brain. However, due to a lack of specificity in the methods used to generate a majority of the available data, it cannot be determined whether environment-induced changes in 5-hmC occur in specific biological pathways. Environment appears to shape 5-hmC levels in the brain, but the available literature is hampered by limitations in measurement methods. The field of neuroepigenetics needs to adopt new tools to increase the specificity of its data and enhance biological interpretation of exposure-related changes in 5-hmC. This will help improve understanding of the potential roles for environmental factors and 5-hmC in neurological disease.
综述目的： 本篇综述旨在评估测量 5-羟甲基胞嘧啶（5-hmC）的方法，并总结目前关于环境因素对大脑中 5-羟甲基胞嘧啶（5-hmC）影响的研究数据。
最新发现： 最近的研究表明，一些环境因素，包括接触外源性化学物质、压力、饮食改变和运动，都与大脑中的 5-hmC 变化有关。然而，由于目前大多数可用数据所采用的方法缺乏特异性，尚无法确定环境诱导的 5-hmC 变化是否发生在特定的生物学途径中。环境似乎可以改变大脑中的 5-hmC 水平，但现有文献受到测量方法局限性的阻碍。神经表观遗传学领域需要采用新的工具来提高其数据的特异性，并增强对与暴露相关的 5-hmC 变化的生物学解释。这将有助于提高对环境因素和 5-hmC 在神经疾病中潜在作用的理解。
