Erzberger Heinz, Nikoleris Tasos, Paielli Russell A, Chu Yung-Cheng
NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 94035.
University of California Santa Cruz, Moffett Field, CA, 94035.
Proc Inst Mech Eng G J Aerosp Eng. 2016 Feb 8;230(9):1762-1779. doi: 10.1177/0954410016629499.
This paper presents a design approach and basic algorithms for a future system that can perform aircraft conflict resolution, arrival scheduling and convective weather avoidance with a high level of autonomy in terminal area airspace. Such a system, located on the ground, is intended to solve autonomously the major problems currently handled manually by human controllers. It has the potential to accomodate higher traffic levels and a mix of conventional and unmanned aerial vehicles with reduced dependency on controllers. The main objective of this paper is to describe the fundamental trajectory and scheduling algorithms that provide the foundation for an autonomous sytem of the future. These algorithms generate trajectories that are free of conflicts with other traffic, avoid convective weather if present, and provide scheduled times for landing with specified in-trail spacings. The maneuvers the algorithms generate to resolve separation and spacing conflicts include speed, horizontal path, and altitude changes. Furthermore, a method for reassigning arrival aircraft to alternate runways in order to reduce delays is also included. The algorithms generate conflict free trajectories for terminal area traffic, comprised primarily of arrivals and departures to and from multiple airports. Examples of problems solved and performance statistics from a fast-time simulation using simulated traffic of arrivals and departures at the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport and Dallas Love Field are described.
本文提出了一种面向未来系统的设计方法和基本算法，该系统能够在终端区空域以高度自主性执行飞机冲突解决、进近调度和对流天气规避。这样一个位于地面的系统旨在自主解决目前由人类管制员手动处理的主要问题。它有潜力容纳更高的交通流量以及传统和无人驾驶飞行器的混合，同时减少对管制员的依赖。本文的主要目标是描述为未来自主系统奠定基础的基本轨迹和调度算法。这些算法生成的轨迹与其他交通无冲突，若存在对流天气则避开，并且为着陆提供具有指定尾流间隔的预定时间。算法为解决间隔和间距冲突而生成的机动动作包括速度、水平路径和高度变化。此外，还包括一种为减少延误而将进港飞机重新分配到备用跑道的方法。这些算法为终端区交通生成无冲突轨迹，终端区交通主要由往返多个机场的进港和出港航班组成。文中描述了使用达拉斯/沃思堡国际机场和达拉斯洛夫菲尔德机场的进港和出港模拟交通进行快速时间仿真所解决的问题示例和性能统计数据。
