Hansen J T, Notter M F, Okawara S H, Gash D M
Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY 14642.
Ann Neurol. 1988 Nov;24(5):599-609. doi: 10.1002/ana.410240503.
Recent reports of adrenal medullary autografts in patients with Parkinson's disease raise several important questions with respect to the cell types actually being transplanted as well as the potential for chromaffin cell banking prior to neural transplantation. In this study, we determined the general morphological characteristics of the human adrenal medulla and assessed factors important for the maintenance of cultured chromaffin cells for later use as transplants. The human adrenal medulla contained islands of cortical cells scattered throughout the gland as well as Schwann cells, nerve endings, endothelial cells, pericytes, isolated ganglionic neurons, and connective tissue elements such as fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. Because many of these cell types are mitotically active, transplantation of medullary fragments that contain these cells could have far-reaching consequences. One approach that could circumvent the problems arising from multiple cell types in the medulla is differential plating of chromaffin cells prior to transplantation. Differential plating yielded relatively pure populations of chromaffin cells that demonstrated excellent viability if processed within 2 hours after cessation of the gland's circulation. Chromaffin cells cultured in the presence of nerve growth factor exhibited a neuronal phenotype, possessed catecholamine histofluorescence, and displayed tyrosine hydroxylase- and dopamine beta-hydroxylase-like immunoreactivity. The sex and age of the donor did not affect cell viability or morphological characteristics.
近期关于帕金森病患者肾上腺髓质自体移植的报道，就实际移植的细胞类型以及神经移植前嗜铬细胞储存的可能性提出了几个重要问题。在本研究中，我们确定了人类肾上腺髓质的一般形态特征，并评估了对维持培养的嗜铬细胞以备日后移植至关重要的因素。人类肾上腺髓质包含散在分布于整个腺体的皮质细胞岛，以及施万细胞、神经末梢、内皮细胞、周细胞、孤立的神经节神经元，还有成纤维细胞和平滑肌细胞等结缔组织成分。由于这些细胞类型中的许多具有有丝分裂活性，移植含有这些细胞的髓质碎片可能会产生深远影响。一种可以规避髓质中多种细胞类型所引发问题的方法是在移植前对嗜铬细胞进行差异铺板。差异铺板产生了相对纯净的嗜铬细胞群体，这些细胞如果在腺体循环停止后2小时内进行处理，会表现出极佳的活力。在神经生长因子存在的情况下培养的嗜铬细胞呈现出神经元表型，具有儿茶酚胺组织荧光，并显示出酪氨酸羟化酶和多巴胺β-羟化酶样免疫反应性。供体的性别和年龄不影响细胞活力或形态特征。
