Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong.
School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2021 Feb 17;76(3):642-655. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbaa016.
Among all Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries, South Korean older adults work until the latest age. We investigate the extent to which work experiences over the life course and family circumstances can be associated with older workers' incentives to remain in the labor force beyond the statutory pension age. We explore gender-specific patterns of labor force exit and labor force re-entry in later life.
Using panel data of South Korean older workers and retirees from 2006 to 2016, we estimate multilevel discrete-time models with random effects to predict their labor force transition process that unfolds over time.
Results show that skilled manual workers are less likely to exit employment and more likely to re-enter the labor force. A longer history of self-employment is related to later retirement. The relationship between career characteristics and the risk of retirement is only significant for men. Late-aged employment transition among women appears to be more related to family conditions. Women who receive financial support from adult offspring are more likely to remain out of the labor force but this relationship is not pronounced among men.
Policies aimed at extending working lives need to provide various types of social support to older job seekers, especially those who had low-class jobs and those without family networks.
在所有经济合作与发展组织（OECD）国家中，韩国老年人的工作年龄最晚。我们调查了他们在整个职业生涯和家庭环境中积累的工作经验，与超过法定退休年龄后继续留在劳动力市场的激励因素之间的关联。我们探讨了性别特定的在老年时退出和重新进入劳动力市场的模式。
我们使用了 2006 年至 2016 年韩国老年工人和退休人员的面板数据，通过随机效应多层次离散时间模型来预测他们随时间推移展开的劳动力转移过程。
结果表明，技术工人不太可能退出就业，更有可能重新进入劳动力市场。较长的自营职业历史与较晚的退休相关。职业特征与退休风险之间的关系仅对男性具有显著意义。女性的晚年就业转变似乎更多地与家庭状况有关。从成年子女那里获得经济支持的女性更有可能不参与劳动力市场，但这种关系在男性中并不明显。
旨在延长工作寿命的政策需要为老年求职者提供各种类型的社会支持，尤其是那些从事低阶层工作和没有家庭网络的求职者。
