Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Fac. Sciences, Univ. Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain.
Dept. Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Engineering Polytechnic School, Univ. Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
Chemosphere. 2020 Jun;248:126041. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126041. Epub 2020 Jan 28.
In the present work, laboratory column experiments were carried out to study the effect of pine bark amendment (at doses of 0, 12, 48 and 96 Mg ha) on the transport of three sulfonamide antibiotics (sulfadiazine -SDZ-, sulfamethazine -SMT-, and sulfachloropyridazine -SCP-) through two crop soils. All three sulfonamides showed high mobility in the unamend soils, with absence of retention in most cases. However, some differences were detected regarding the degree of interactions between sulfonamides and soils, being higher for soil 1, which was attributed to its higher organic carbon content. For both soils, interactions with the antibiotics studied followed the sequence SDZ < SMT < SCP, indicating an increase as a function of the hydrophobicity of sulfonamides. Pine bark amendment significantly increased the retention of the three sulfonamides in both soils. Specifically, in the case of soil 1, the incorporation of the highest dose of pine bark (96 Mg ha) caused that retention increased from 0% to 70.3% for SDZ, from 2.7% to 71.3% for SMT, and from 0% to 85.4% for SCP. This effect of pine bark is mainly attributed to its high organic carbon content (48.6%), including substances with potential to interact and retain antibiotics, as well as to its acidic pH (4.5). Therefore, pine bark amendment would be an effective alternative to reduce the transport of sulfonamides in soils and, thus, decrease risks of passing to other environmental compartments, as well as harmful effects on the environment and public health.
在本工作中，通过实验室柱状实验研究了树皮改良剂（剂量为 0、12、48 和 96 Mg/ha）对三种磺胺类抗生素（磺胺嘧啶-SDZ、磺胺甲噁唑-SMT 和磺胺氯哒嗪-SCP-）在两种作物土壤中迁移的影响。在未改良的土壤中，所有三种磺胺类抗生素都表现出很高的移动性，在大多数情况下几乎没有保留。然而，在磺胺类抗生素和土壤之间的相互作用程度方面，发现了一些差异，土壤 1 的差异更大，这归因于其较高的有机碳含量。对于两种土壤，与所研究抗生素的相互作用遵循 SDZ < SMT < SCP 的顺序，表明随着磺胺类抗生素疏水性的增加而增加。树皮改良剂显著增加了两种土壤中三种磺胺类抗生素的保留。具体而言，在土壤 1 的情况下， incorporation 最高剂量的树皮（96 Mg/ha）导致 SDZ 的保留率从 0%增加到 70.3%，SMT 从 2.7%增加到 71.3%，SCP 从 0%增加到 85.4%。树皮的这种作用主要归因于其高的有机碳含量（48.6%），包括具有潜在相互作用和保留抗生素的物质，以及其酸性 pH（4.5）。因此，树皮改良剂是减少土壤中磺胺类抗生素迁移的有效替代物，从而降低进入其他环境组分的风险，以及对环境和公共健康的有害影响。
