Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
Molecules. 2020 Feb 3;25(3):649. doi: 10.3390/molecules25030649.
Wild foods constitute an essential component of people's diets around the world. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), over 100 million people in the EU consume wild foods, while 65 million collect some form of wild food themselves. The Mediterranean basin is a biodiversity hotspot of wild edible species. Nowadays, due to the renewed interest in alimurgic plants and the recent findings on the beneficial role of their phytochemical constituents, these species have been defined as "new functional foods". Research on natural products has recently regained importance with the growing understanding of their biological significance. Botanical food supplements marketed for weight and fat loss in obese subjects will be one of the most important items in marketed nutraceuticals. The aim of this report was to review the phytochemical compounds of Mediterranean wild edible species and their therapeutic potential against obesity and its related disorders. Results on the in vitro and in vivo activity of the most interesting plant extracts and their bioactive components are presented and discussed. The most interesting discoveries on their mechanisms of action are reported as well. Overall, this contribution highlights the importance and beneficial health roles of wild edible species.
野生食物是世界各地人们饮食的重要组成部分。据联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO）称，欧盟有超过 1 亿人食用野生食物，而有 6500 万人自己采集某种形式的野生食物。地中海盆地是野生可食用物种的生物多样性热点地区。如今，由于人们对药用植物的重新关注以及最近发现其植物化学成分的有益作用，这些物种被定义为“新型功能性食品”。随着人们对天然产物生物意义的理解不断加深，对其的研究最近重新受到重视。针对肥胖人群的减肥和减脂的植物性食品补充剂将成为 marketed nutraceuticals 中最重要的项目之一。本报告旨在综述地中海野生可食用物种的植物化学化合物及其对肥胖症及其相关疾病的治疗潜力。介绍和讨论了最有趣的植物提取物及其生物活性成分的体外和体内活性的结果。还报告了它们作用机制的最有趣发现。总的来说，这篇综述突出了野生可食用物种的重要性和有益的健康作用。
