School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India.
Bioresour Technol. 2020 Apr;302:122920. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122920. Epub 2020 Jan 28.
The present fossil fuel-based energy sector has led to significant industrial growth. On the other hand, the dependence on fossil fuels leads to adverse impact on the environment through releases of greenhouse gases. In this scenario, one possible substitute is biohydrogen, an eco-friendly energy carrier as high-energy produces. The substrates rich in organic compounds like organic waste/wastewater are very useful for improved hydrogen generation through the dark fermentation. Thus, this review article, initially, the status of biohydrogen production from organic waste and various strategies to enhance the process efficiency are concisely discussed. Then, the practical confines of biohydrogen processes are thoroughly discussed. Also, alternate routes such as multiple process integration approach by adopting biorefinery concept to increase overall process efficacy are considered to address industrial-level applications. To conclude, future perspectives besides with possible ways of transforming dark fermentation effluent to biofuels and biochemicals, which leads to circular bioeconomy, are discussed.
当前以化石燃料为基础的能源部门推动了显著的工业增长。另一方面，对化石燃料的依赖导致温室气体排放，对环境造成不利影响。在这种情况下，一种可能的替代品是生物氢，它是一种高能产的环保能源载体。富含有机化合物的底物，如有机废物/废水，通过黑暗发酵非常有助于提高氢气的生成。因此，本文首先简要讨论了从有机废物生产生物氢的现状和提高该过程效率的各种策略。然后，彻底讨论了生物氢工艺的实际局限性。此外，还考虑了通过采用生物炼制概念的多过程集成方法等替代途径来提高整体工艺效率，以满足工业应用的需求。最后，除了讨论将黑暗发酵废水转化为生物燃料和生物化学物质以实现循环生物经济的可能途径外，还讨论了未来的展望。
