Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Stroke Vasc Neurol. 2019 Dec 1;4(4):214-222. doi: 10.1136/svn-2019-000301. eCollection 2019 Dec.
Micro-costing data collection tools often used in literature include standardized comprehensive templates, targeted questionnaires, activity logs, on-site administrative databases, and direct observation. These tools are not mutually exclusive and are often used in combination. Each tool has unique merits and limitations, and some may be more applicable than others under different circumstances. Proper application of micro-costing tools can produce quality cost estimates and enhance the usefulness of economic evaluations to inform resource allocation decisions. A common method to derive both fixed and variable costs of an intervention involves collecting data from the bottom up for each resource consumed (micro-costing). We scanned economic evaluation literature published in 2008-2018 and identified micro-costing data collection tools used. We categorized the identified tools and discuss their practical applications in an example study of health interventions, including their potential strengths and weaknesses. Sound economic evaluations of health interventions provide valuable information for justifying resource allocation decisions, planning for implementation, and enhancing the sustainability of the interventions. However, the quality of intervention cost estimates is seldom addressed in the literature. Reliable cost data forms the foundation of economic evaluations, and without reliable estimates, evaluation results, such as cost-effectiveness measures, could be misleading. In this project, we identified data collection tools often used to obtain reliable data for estimating costs of interventions that prevent and manage chronic conditions and considered practical applications to promote their use.
微成本数据收集工具在文献中常被使用，包括标准化综合模板、针对性问卷、活动日志、现场行政数据库和直接观察。这些工具并不互斥，通常结合使用。每种工具都有其独特的优点和局限性，在不同情况下，某些工具可能比其他工具更适用。适当应用微成本工具可以生成高质量的成本估算，并增强经济评估对资源分配决策的有用性。一种常见的方法是为每项消耗的资源（微成本）自下而上收集数据，以推导出干预措施的固定成本和变动成本。我们扫描了 2008 年至 2018 年发表的经济评估文献，确定了使用的微成本数据收集工具。我们对确定的工具进行分类，并以健康干预措施的实例研究讨论其实际应用，包括其潜在的优缺点。对健康干预措施进行可靠的经济评估为证明资源分配决策、规划实施和提高干预措施的可持续性提供了有价值的信息。然而，干预成本估算的质量在文献中很少被提及。可靠的成本数据是经济评估的基础，如果没有可靠的估算，评估结果（如成本效益衡量标准）可能会产生误导。在这个项目中，我们确定了用于获取预防和管理慢性病干预措施成本的常用数据收集工具，并考虑了实际应用，以促进其使用。
