Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Edisto Research and Education Center, Clemson University, Blackville, SC 29817.
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793.
Plant Dis. 2020 Apr;104(4):1096-1104. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-09-19-1829-RE. Epub 2020 Feb 7.
Tomato spotted wilt (TSW) is a common and serious disease of peanut ( L.) caused by (TSWV; family , genus ). Management frequently uses an integrated approach, with cultivar resistance and application of in-furrow insecticide as two critical components. In-furrow insecticides help suppress thrips, which can injure and stunt young growing plants and transmit TSWV, with postemergent application of acephate capable of providing additional thrips control. To examine effects of systemic insecticides (imidacloprid, imidacloprid plus fluopyram, phorate, and acephate) on TSW management, yield, and economic return across cultivar susceptibilities (susceptible, moderately susceptible, and resistant) in South Carolina, a meta-analysis was used to synthesize results from 32 studies conducted between 2009 and 2018. Although efficacy and magnitude of individual treatments varied with susceptibility, imidacloprid increased, whereas phorate generally decreased TSW incidence relative to nontreated controls. In-furrow treatments followed by acephate further reduced TSW incidence and increased profitability. All examined treatments improved yield compared with untreated peanuts except for susceptible cultivars treated with imidacloprid. Imidacloprid plus fluopyram increased yield more than imidacloprid alone for the susceptible group, although there was little difference between these treatments in association with moderately susceptible cultivars. When comparing individual applications, phorate was overall the most profitable option across susceptibilities, although imidacloprid plus fluopyram exhibited analogous profitability for susceptible cultivars. Results from this study can be used to assist producer selection of management options for TSW in peanut.
番茄斑萎病毒病（TSW）是花生（L.）的一种常见且严重的疾病，由（TSWV；家族，属）引起。管理措施通常采用综合方法，以品种抗性和行间施药作为两个关键组成部分。行间施药有助于抑制蓟马，蓟马可以伤害和阻碍幼苗生长，并传播 TSWV，使用乙酰甲胺磷进行苗后施药可以提供额外的蓟马防治效果。为了研究系统性杀虫剂（噻虫嗪、噻虫嗪加氟吡菌胺、丙硫磷和乙酰甲胺磷）对 TSW 管理、产量和经济效益的影响，本研究利用元分析综合了 2009 年至 2018 年期间进行的 32 项研究的结果，这些研究涉及南卡罗来纳州不同品种（敏感、中度敏感和抗性）的敏感性。尽管个别处理的效果和程度因敏感性而异，但噻虫嗪增加了，而丙硫磷通常降低了 TSW 相对未处理对照的发病率。在使用乙酰甲胺磷进行行间处理后，进一步降低了 TSW 的发病率并提高了盈利性。除了敏感品种用噻虫嗪处理外，与未处理的花生相比，所有检查的处理方法都提高了产量。与单独使用噻虫嗪相比，噻虫嗪加氟吡菌胺对敏感组的产量增加更多，尽管在与中度敏感品种相关方面，这些处理之间几乎没有差异。当比较单独应用时，丙硫磷在所有敏感性中总体上是最盈利的选择，尽管噻虫嗪加氟吡菌胺对敏感品种表现出类似的盈利性。本研究的结果可用于协助生产者选择花生 TSW 的管理方案。
