Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan.
Int J Hematol. 2020 Apr;111(4):519-529. doi: 10.1007/s12185-020-02828-7. Epub 2020 Feb 7.
The development of novel therapeutic agents has led to an increase in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who achieve a complete response (CR). Consequently, a good correlation has been established between the CR rate and progression-free survival, and new methods are needed to stratify CR cases based on the measurable residual disease (MRD) and thus predict prognosis. Previously, multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC), which is rapid and widely available, has been used to assess MRD in patients with MM. Although the EuroFlow next-generation flow method was developed as a highly sensitive and standardized method of MRD detection, the procedure is costly within the current Japanese public medical insurance system. Recently, two Japanese clinical laboratory test companies, SRL and BML, respectively developed new and inexpensive 8- and 10-color single-tube MFC methods intended for the assessment of MRD under the current Japanese public medical insurance system. In this article, I have reviewed the most recent updates on MRD monitoring protocols in Japan and the clinical trials of the use of this parameter in patients with MM.
新型治疗药物的发展使越来越多的多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者达到完全缓解（CR）。因此，CR 率与无进展生存期之间存在良好的相关性，需要新的方法根据可测量的残留疾病（MRD）对 CR 病例进行分层，从而预测预后。以前，多参数流式细胞术（MFC）快速且广泛可用，已用于评估 MM 患者的 MRD。尽管 EuroFlow 下一代流式方法是作为一种高度敏感和标准化的 MRD 检测方法开发的，但在当前的日本公共医疗保险体系中，该程序成本高昂。最近，两家日本临床实验室测试公司，SRL 和 BML，分别开发了新的、廉价的 8 色和 10 色单管 MFC 方法，旨在在当前的日本公共医疗保险体系下评估 MRD。本文综述了日本 MRD 监测方案的最新进展以及该参数在 MM 患者中的应用临床试验。
