植被变化对中国黄土高原地表气温变化的影响。
Impact of variations in vegetation on surface air temperature change over the Chinese Loess Plateau.
机构信息
Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, PR China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China.
Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
出版信息
Sci Total Environ. 2020 May 10;716:136967. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136967. Epub 2020 Jan 31.
Studying the drivers and combating the effects of climate change is more urgent than ever, particularly in regions with limited water and sensitive ecosystems. This study evaluated the effect of vegetation variation on surface air temperature (SAT) change in the Chinese Loess Plateau over 1982-2015 based on the 'observation minus reanalysis' (OMR) method. Observed temperature, ERA-Interim reanalysis temperature, and Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) 3rd generation were used to analyze the relationship between OMR temperature (representing vegetation impact on SAT) and NDVI. Results showed that the Loess Plateau, especially its central-east areas, has undergone a rapid increase in NDVI and rapid decrease in OMR temperature during 1982-2015. This implies a strong cooling effect of vegetation restoration on SAT change. The mean annual NDVI (M) and NDVI trend (Slope) were negatively correlated with OMR temperature trend (Slope) on the Loess Plateau (P < 0.001). However, the relationships between M (Slope) and Slope varied among the arid, semi-arid, and semi-humid regions. As a result, the impacts of restoration of vegetation condition on SAT change during 1982-2015 were estimated to be 0.04, -0.01, and -0.07 °C decade in the arid, semi-arid, and semi-humid regions, respectively. For the entire Loess Plateau, the restoration of its vegetation condition led to a cooling effect of -0.02 °C decade during 1982-2015 and a cooling effect of -0.05 °C in the period following the implementation of the Grain for Green Project (GGP). Moreover, among the three major land use types of the Loess Plateau (i.e., grassland, farmland, and forest), vegetation restoration of forest demonstrated the most obvious cooling effect (-0.06 °C decade during 1982-2015). These results are the first quantitative estimation of the impact of vegetation variation on SAT across the entire Loess Plateau, and demonstrate the ecological effect of afforestation efforts in the southeastern areas in terms of climate warming alleviation.
研究驱动因素并应对气候变化的影响比以往任何时候都更加紧迫，尤其是在水资源有限和生态系统敏感的地区。本研究基于“观测减去再分析”（OMR）方法，评估了 1982-2015 年中国黄土高原植被变化对地表气温（SAT）变化的影响。利用观测温度、ERA-Interim 再分析温度和全球清单建模与制图研究第三代归一化差异植被指数（NDVI）分析了 OMR 温度（代表植被对 SAT 的影响）与 NDVI 之间的关系。结果表明，1982-2015 年期间，黄土高原特别是中东部地区，NDVI 迅速增加，OMR 温度迅速下降。这意味着植被恢复对 SAT 变化具有强烈的冷却效应。黄土高原上，年平均 NDVI（M）和 NDVI 趋势（Slope）与 OMR 温度趋势（Slope）呈负相关（P<0.001）。然而，M（Slope）与 Slope 之间的关系在干旱、半干旱和半湿润地区有所不同。因此，1982-2015 年期间，植被条件恢复对 SAT 变化的影响估计分别为干旱地区 0.04°C decade、半干旱地区 0.01°C decade 和半湿润地区 0.07°C decade。对于整个黄土高原，1982-2015 年期间，植被条件恢复导致冷却效应为-0.02°C decade，而在实施退耕还林工程（GGP）之后的时期内，冷却效应为-0.05°C decade。此外，在黄土高原的三种主要土地利用类型（草地、农田和森林）中，森林植被恢复表现出最明显的冷却效应（1982-2015 年期间为-0.06°C decade）。这些结果是对整个黄土高原植被变化对 SAT 影响的首次定量估计，证明了东南部造林努力在缓解气候变暖方面的生态效应。
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