Lakatos Peter, Szili Balazs, Bakos Bence, Takacs Istvan, Putz Zsuzsanna, Istenes Ildiko
1st Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2020;262:93-120. doi: 10.1007/164_2019_314.
Several endocrine systems have important effects on bone tissue. Thyroid hormones are essential for normal growth and development. Excess of these hormones will result in clinically significant changes that may require intervention. Glucocorticoids also have a marked effect on bone metabolism by several pathways. Their endogenous or exogenous excess will induce pathological processes that might elevate the risk of fractures. Insulin and the carbohydrate metabolism elicit a physiological effect on bone; however, the lack of insulin (type 1 diabetes) or insulin resistance (type 2 diabetes) have deleterious influence on bone tissue.
多个内分泌系统对骨组织有重要影响。甲状腺激素对正常生长发育至关重要。这些激素过量会导致临床上显著的变化，可能需要进行干预。糖皮质激素也通过多种途径对骨代谢产生显著影响。其内源性或外源性过量会引发可能增加骨折风险的病理过程。胰岛素和碳水化合物代谢对骨骼产生生理作用；然而，胰岛素缺乏（1型糖尿病）或胰岛素抵抗（2型糖尿病）会对骨组织产生有害影响。
