Bertozzi Filippo, Zago Matteo, Ciprandi Daniela, Galvani Christel, Sforza Chiarella
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
E4Sport Lab, Polytechnic of Milan, Milan, Italy.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2020 Mar;60(3):402-406. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.20.10141-5. Epub 2020 Feb 4.
Karate is a martial art that includes striking, kicking and punching techniques, and requires high levels of functional skills. Karate counts millions of practitioners worldwide and it is also spreading in Paralympic competitions: there is a need for accurate categories definition for disabled athletes. The aim of the current study was to present kinematic data of an elite Paralympic karateka, in comparison with able-bodied athletes, to promote a better classification within the discipline, based on objective evaluations of physical impairments. A male black belt Paralympic karateka (age: 36 years; body weight: 75.5 kg; height: 173 cm) with lower limbs impairments was evaluated. He performed a standardized sequence of movements (kata) from Shotokan karate. Joints and center-of-mass kinematics were collected with an optoelectronic motion capture system and compared with those obtained in two groups of able-bodied (Masters and Practitioners) athletes from a previous study. The sequence performed by the karateka lasted longer than in both able-bodied groups. Center of mass velocity and acceleration lowered in comparison with Masters. Knees range of movement and peak angular velocity were similar to Practitioners but lower than Masters. We concluded that physical impairments negatively affected the function of lower limbs in the Paralympic athlete, as fundamental skills in karate elite performance (dynamic balance control and joint angular velocity) were lower.
空手道是一种武术，包括击打、踢腿和拳击技巧，需要高水平的功能性技能。空手道在全球拥有数百万从业者，并且也在残奥会比赛中不断发展：因此需要为残疾运动员制定准确的分级标准。本研究的目的是展示一名精英残奥会空手道运动员的运动学数据，并与健全运动员进行比较，以便在客观评估身体损伤的基础上，促进该项目内更好的分级。对一名患有下肢损伤的男性残奥会空手道黑带运动员（年龄：36岁；体重：75.5千克；身高：173厘米）进行了评估。他进行了一套来自空手道极真会的标准化动作序列（型）。使用光电运动捕捉系统收集关节和质心运动学数据，并与之前一项研究中两组健全运动员（大师组和练习者组）的数据进行比较。该空手道运动员完成这套动作序列的用时比两组健全运动员都长。与大师组相比，质心速度和加速度降低。膝关节的运动范围和峰值角速度与练习者组相似，但低于大师组。我们得出结论，身体损伤对残奥会运动员的下肢功能产生了负面影响，因为空手道精英表现中的基本技能（动态平衡控制和关节角速度）较低。
