Shibata Seiko, Kagaya Hitoshi, Ozeki Yasunori, Saitoh Eiichi, Aoyagi Yoichiro, Iwata Yoshihiro, Sakurai Kazuo
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine I, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.
Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2020 Jul;129(7):689-694. doi: 10.1177/0003489420904741. Epub 2020 Feb 10.
Surgical procedure is considered in patients with severe dysphagia when conservative treatment fails. This study aimed to evaluate laryngeal suspension (LS) and upper esophageal sphincter (UES) myotomy for treating severe dysphagia due to brain disease.
Fourteen patients underwent LS and UES myotomy, with a median follow-up of 5 years and 6 months when conservative treatment failed. The penetration-aspiration scale (PAS), the Dysphagia Severity Scale (DSS), the Eating Status Scale (ESS), and diet contents were evaluated just before surgery, at discharge, and at the last follow-up.
Preoperative intake was tube feeding in all patients. The patients learned the extended head and flexed neck posture to open the esophageal inlet. PAS, DSS and ESS scores, and diet contents were significantly improved at discharge compared with before surgery, and were maintained until the last follow-up. Eight patients had pneumonia during their hospital stay, and five had pneumonia between discharge and at the last follow-up. Age was significantly, negatively correlated with DSS and ESS at the last follow-up.
Although LS and UES myotomy require a long inpatient rehabilitation and the risk of pneumonia after surgery is high, the outcome is favorable and the effects last for a long time.
当保守治疗失败时,严重吞咽困难的患者会考虑手术治疗。本研究旨在评估喉悬吊术(LS)和食管上括约肌(UES)切开术治疗脑部疾病所致严重吞咽困难的效果。
14例患者在保守治疗失败后接受了LS和UES切开术,中位随访时间为5年6个月。在手术前、出院时和最后一次随访时评估渗透-误吸量表(PAS)、吞咽困难严重程度量表(DSS)、进食状态量表(ESS)和饮食内容。
所有患者术前均通过鼻饲进食。患者学会了伸展头部和屈曲颈部的姿势以打开食管入口。与手术前相比,出院时PAS、DSS和ESS评分以及饮食内容均有显著改善,并维持至最后一次随访。8例患者在住院期间发生肺炎,5例在出院至最后一次随访期间发生肺炎。年龄与最后一次随访时的DSS和ESS呈显著负相关。
尽管LS和UES切开术需要较长时间的住院康复,且术后肺炎风险较高,但治疗效果良好且持久。