Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States.
Department of Statistics, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States.
Environ Pollut. 2020 May;260:114058. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114058. Epub 2020 Jan 25.
Current swine industry practice is to house animals in confinement facilities which capture and store feces and urine as slurry in pits below the production area. Additives and disinfectants may be introduced into the manure pits. This study was conducted to measure the effects of additives and disinfectants on temporal changes in swine slurry characteristics. Slurry from a commercial swine production facility in southeast Nebraska, USA was collected and transferred to 57 L reactors located within a greenhouse. Selected additives and disinfectants were added to the reactors and physical properties, chemical characteristics, and antibiotic concentrations were monitored for 40 days. Concentrations of dry matter (DM), total nitrogen (TN), phosphorus pentoxide (PO), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) were significantly greater than the Control in each of the reactors containing additives. The reactors in which the additives MOC-7, More Than Manure®, Sludge Away, and Sulfi-Doxx were introduced had significantly greater values of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total volatile solids (TVS), total suspended solids (TSS), total solids (TS), dry matter (DM), TN, PO, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and chlortetracycline than the other additive treatments. Concentrations of TVS and TSS were significantly lower in the reactors containing Clorox® and Virkon™ than the other disinfectant treatments. The total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration of 26,500 mg L and pH value of 7.27 obtained for the reactors containing Tek-Trol were significantly greater than measurements obtained for the other treatments. Concentrations of chlortetracycline and tiamulin of 8840 and 28.8 ng g, respectively, were significantly lower for the treatments containing Tek-Trol. The sodium (Na) concentration of 1070 mg L measured in the reactors containing Clorox® was significantly greater than values for the other disinfectant treatments. The introduction of selected additives and disinfectants may influence certain physical properties, chemical characteristics, and antibiotic concentrations of swine slurry.
当前的养猪业实践是将动物圈养在封闭设施中，这些设施将粪便和尿液收集并储存在生产区域下方的坑中。添加剂和消毒剂可能会被引入到粪坑中。本研究旨在测量添加剂和消毒剂对猪粪浆特性随时间变化的影响。从美国内布拉斯加州东南部的一个商业养猪场收集粪浆，并将其转移到位于温室中的 57 L 反应堆中。向反应堆中添加了选定的添加剂和消毒剂，并监测了 40 天的物理性质、化学特性和抗生素浓度。每个含有添加剂的反应堆中的干物质 (DM)、总氮 (TN)、五氧化二磷 (PO)、钙 (Ca)、镁 (Mg)、锌 (Zn)、铁 (Fe)、锰 (Mn) 和铜 (Cu) 的浓度均显著高于对照。添加 MOC-7、More Than Manure®、Sludge Away 和 Sulfi-Doxx 的反应堆具有更高的化学需氧量 (COD)、总挥发性固体 (TVS)、总悬浮固体 (TSS)、总固体 (TS)、干物质 (DM)、TN、PO、Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe、Mn、Cu 和金霉素的浓度比其他添加剂处理高。含氯漂®和 Virkon™的反应堆中 TVS 和 TSS 的浓度明显低于其他消毒剂处理。含 Tek-Trol 的反应堆的总溶解固体 (TDS) 浓度为 26500mg/L，pH 值为 7.27，明显高于其他处理的测量值。含 Tek-Trol 的处理中，金霉素和泰妙菌素的浓度分别为 8840 和 28.8ng/g，明显低于其他处理。含氯漂®的反应堆中测量的钠离子 (Na) 浓度为 1070mg/L，明显高于其他消毒剂处理的浓度。选定的添加剂和消毒剂的引入可能会影响猪粪浆的某些物理性质、化学特性和抗生素浓度。
