Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic.
Molecules. 2020 Feb 6;25(3):699. doi: 10.3390/molecules25030699.
Molar balances of continuous and batch reacting systems with a simple reaction are analyzed from the point of view of finding relationships between the thermodynamic driving force and the chemical reaction rate. Special attention is focused on the steady state, which has been the core subject of previous similar work. It is argued that such relationships should also contain, besides the thermodynamic driving force, a kinetic factor, and are of a specific form for a specific reacting system. More general analysis is provided by means of the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of linear fluid mixtures. Then, the driving force can be expressed either in the Gibbs energy (affinity) form or on the basis of chemical potentials. The relationships can be generally interpreted in terms of force, resistance and flux.
从寻找热力学驱动力与化学反应速率之间的关系的角度出发，分析了具有简单反应的连续和间歇反应系统的摩尔平衡。特别关注稳态，这是以前类似工作的核心主题。有人认为，这种关系除了热力学驱动力外，还应该包含一个动力学因素，并且对于特定的反应系统具有特定的形式。通过线性流体混合物的非平衡热力学提供了更一般的分析。然后，驱动力可以用吉布斯能量（亲和力）形式表示，也可以基于化学势表示。这些关系通常可以用力、阻力和通量来解释。
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