Alessandro Lucas, Olmos Lisandro E, Bonamico Lucas, Muzio Diana M, Ahumada Martina H, Russo María Julieta, Allegri Ricardo F, Gianella Matias G, Campora Horacio, Delorme Ricardo, Vescovo María Esther, Lado Vanina, Mastroberti Liliana R, Butus Ayelen, Galluzzi Hugo D, Décima Graciela, Ameriso Sebastian F
Departamento de Neurología, Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea (FLENI), Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail:
Departamento de Medicina de Rehabilitación, Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea (FLENI), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Medicina (B Aires). 2020;80(1):54-68.
It is estimated that two thirds of people who have suffered a stroke have sequels that condition their quality of life. The rehabilitation of the stroke is a complex process, which requires the multidisciplinary approach of specialized professionals (doctors, kinesiologists, nurses, occupational therapists, phonoaudiologists, neuropsychologists and nutritionists). Currently, the practices carried out are a consequence of the combination of evidence and consensus, most of them through international stroke rehabilitation guides. The objective of this review is to adjust the international recommendations on stroke rehabilitation to what is applied to daily practice, in order to unify the criteria of the recommendations and to reduce the variability of the practices carried out. This work is a review of the literature on stroke rehabilitation guides developed in the last 10 years. Each section was supervised by different professionals specialized in these areas. We analyze the time and organization necessary to develop rehabilitation, recommendations for motor, cognitive and visual rehabilitation, the management of dysphagia and nutrition, the approach of comorbidities (venous thrombosis, skin ulcers, pain, psychiatric disorders and osteoporosis) and the necessary tasks to favor the return to the activities of daily life.
据估计,三分之二的中风患者会出现影响其生活质量的后遗症。中风康复是一个复杂的过程,需要专业人员(医生、运动机能学家、护士、职业治疗师、言语听觉治疗师、神经心理学家和营养师)的多学科方法。目前,所开展的实践是证据与共识相结合的结果,其中大部分是通过国际中风康复指南。本综述的目的是使中风康复的国际建议与日常实践应用相适应,以统一建议标准并减少所开展实践的变异性。这项工作是对过去10年中制定的中风康复指南的文献综述。每个部分由这些领域的不同专业人员监督。我们分析了开展康复所需的时间和组织、运动、认知和视觉康复的建议、吞咽困难和营养的管理、合并症(静脉血栓形成、皮肤溃疡、疼痛、精神障碍和骨质疏松症)的处理方法以及有利于恢复日常生活活动的必要任务。