Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, Spain.
Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 1000 rue Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC H2X 0C1, Canada.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2020 Apr;214(4):871. doi: 10.2214/AJR.19.22040. Epub 2020 Feb 11.
The purpose of this article is to show the sonographic anatomy of the extremities relevant to various ligamentous, tendinous, and articular injuries occurring in the hand, wrist, and ankle. A brief discussion and depiction of the specific elements relevant to the pathophysiologic mechanism of these entities is followed by demonstrations of the dynamic ultrasound techniques that can be used to diagnose these injuries. The schematics and video clips illustrate the normal and pathologic features of these injuries. The first two videos discuss soft-tissue injuries to the hand and wrist, and the third addresses ankle injuries. After clinical assessment, dynamic ultrasound examination is a useful tool for diagnosing and assessing the degree of severity of several soft-tissue injuries to the extremities, some of which can be detected only during active movement. Familiarity with these specific dynamic techniques will enhance the value of the ultrasound examination.
本文旨在展示与手部、腕部和踝部各种韧带、肌腱和关节损伤相关的四肢超声解剖结构。首先简要讨论并描述与这些病变的病理生理机制相关的特定内容，然后介绍可用于诊断这些损伤的动态超声技术。原理图和视频片段说明了这些损伤的正常和病理特征。前两个视频讨论手部和腕部的软组织损伤，第三个视频则涉及踝关节损伤。在临床评估后，动态超声检查是诊断和评估四肢几种软组织损伤严重程度的有用工具，其中一些损伤只能在主动运动时才能检测到。熟悉这些特定的动态技术将提高超声检查的价值。
