Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería (I3B), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 8;17(3):1073. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17031073.
Job rotation is an administrative solution to prevent work-related musculoskeletal disorders that has become widespread. However, job rotation schedules development is a complex problem. This is due to the multi-factorial character of the disorders and to the productive and organizational constraints of the real working environments. To avoid these problems, this work presents an evolutionary algorithm to generate rotation schedules in which a set of workers rotate cyclically over a small number of jobs while reducing the potential for injury. The algorithm is able to generate rotation schedules that optimize multiple ergonomics criteria by clustering the tasks into rotation groups, selecting the workers for each group, and determining the sequence of rotation of the workers to minimize the effects of fatigue. The algorithm reduces prolonged exposure to risks related to musculoskeletal injuries and simplifies the assignment of workers to different tasks in each rotation. The presented procedure can be an effective tool for the design of job-rotation schedules that prevent work-related musculoskeletal disorders while simplifying scheduled changeovers at each rotation and facilitating job monitoring.
岗位轮换是一种防止与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病的管理解决方案，已经得到了广泛应用。然而，制定岗位轮换计划是一个复杂的问题。这是由于疾病的多因素特征以及实际工作环境的生产和组织限制。为了避免这些问题，本工作提出了一种进化算法，以生成轮换计划，其中一组工人在少数几个工作岗位上周期性地轮换，同时减少受伤的可能性。该算法能够通过将任务聚类为轮换组、为每个组选择工人以及确定工人的轮换顺序来优化多个人体工程学标准，从而最小化疲劳的影响。该算法减少了与肌肉骨骼损伤相关的风险的长时间暴露，并简化了在每个轮换中为不同任务分配工人的工作。所提出的程序可以是设计防止与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病的岗位轮换计划的有效工具，同时简化每个轮换中的计划换班，并方便工作监控。
