University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL, USA.
Hacettepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey.
J Appl Oral Sci. 2020 Feb 7;28:e20190103. doi: 10.1590/1678-7757-2019-0103. eCollection 2020.
This study aimed to assess the association between tooth size and root canal morphology by using CBCT analysis.
In this retrospective study, tooth anatomic lengths (crown and root lengths, buccolingual and mesiodistal dimensions) of 384 patients were assessed and correlated with Vertucci's root canal morphology classification. Data was analyzed for gender-related differences using the independent sample t-test, ANOVA, and the Pearson's correlation for a possible relation between anatomic lengths and canal morphology.
The maxillary first and second premolars showed a greater predilection for Type IV and II variants, respectively, while the mandibular first premolar showed a greater predilection for Type II canal system. The root canal system of the mandibular second premolar showed maximal diversity (47% Type I, 30% Type II, and 20% Type III). The dimensions were greater in men regardless of tooth type. The most significant relation (p<0.05) between the anatomic size and canal morphology was observed in the maxillary first premolars, followed by the mandibular canines (buccolingual dimension) and the lower second premolars (crown length). Negative correlations existed between the crown length and the patient's age for the anterior teeth and mandibular second premolar (r=-0.2, p<0.01).
The most common canal formation for anterior teeth was the Type I. The anatomic lengths had the strongest influence on the canal configuration of the maxillary first premolar, with Type IV being the most common root canal system. The mandibular second premolars showed maximal diversity in the canal classification terms and had a significant correlation with their crown lengths.
The complex relationship between the canal morphology and anatomic tooth sizes need meticulous awareness and recognition during endodontic procedures, in conjunction with the demographic variabilities.
本研究旨在通过 CBCT 分析评估牙齿大小与根管形态的关系。
在这项回顾性研究中，评估了 384 名患者的牙齿解剖长度（牙冠和牙根长度、颊舌向和近远中向尺寸），并与 Vertucci 的根管形态分类相关联。使用独立样本 t 检验、方差分析和 Pearson 相关分析评估性别差异，以及解剖长度与根管形态之间可能存在的关系。
上颌第一和第二前磨牙分别更倾向于 IV 型和 II 型变体，而下颌第一前磨牙则更倾向于 II 型根管系统。下颌第二前磨牙的根管系统多样性最大（47%为 I 型，30%为 II 型，20%为 III 型）。无论牙齿类型如何，男性的根管尺寸都较大。解剖尺寸与根管形态之间最显著的关系（p<0.05）见于上颌第一前磨牙，其次是下颌尖牙（颊舌向尺寸）和下颌第二前磨牙（牙冠长度）。前牙和下颌第二前磨牙的牙冠长度与患者年龄呈负相关（r=-0.2，p<0.01）。
前牙最常见的根管形态为 I 型。解剖长度对上颌第一前磨牙根管形态的影响最大，IV 型是最常见的根管系统。下颌第二前磨牙在根管分类方面表现出最大的多样性，与牙冠长度有显著相关性。
在根管治疗过程中，需要精细地认识和识别根管形态与牙齿解剖尺寸之间的复杂关系，并结合人口统计学的变异性。
