Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
Chemosphere. 2020 Apr;244:125548. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125548. Epub 2019 Dec 6.
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivation in cadmium (Cd) polluted soil is a core concern to food quality and food security all over the world. Cadmium toxicity is mainly associated with a Cd influx from contaminated soils to human via grain consumption. Organic amendments are widely used for Cd immobilization and enhancement in plant growth, but the residual effects of these amendments are mostly unknown. The present study addressed the long-term effects of organic amendments in contaminated soils by evaluating their residual effects on 3rd crop (wheat) in the sequence. Initially six organic amendments viz. rice husk biochar (RHB), wheat-straw biochar (WSB), cotton-stick biochar (CSB), poultry manure (PM), press mud (PrMd) and farm manure (FM) were applied once at a rate of 2% in Cd (50 mg kg) contaminated soil with wheat-rice rotation. After the harvest of wheat and rice crops, wheat (Var. Galaxy) was again grown in the same pots. Results revealed that plants grown under Cd stress (without any amendment) contain more tissue (root, shoot and grain) and soil AB-DTPA extractable Cd. The soil amended with RHB has shown lowest AB-DTPA extractable Cd (69% lower than control). Similarly, RHB application has significantly reduced wheat root, shoot and grain Cd concentrations compared to control and other amendments. Results have confirmed the effectiveness of RHB residual contents as an active amendment for restriction of Cd in non-bioavailable pool of soil and better growth and yield of wheat.
在镉（Cd）污染土壤中种植小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）是全世界关注的食品质量和食品安全的核心问题。镉毒性主要与通过粮食消费从受污染土壤中流入人体的 Cd 有关。有机改良剂广泛用于 Cd 的固定和植物生长的增强，但这些改良剂的残留效应大多未知。本研究通过评估有机改良剂在受污染土壤中的长期残留效应，在轮作序列中评估了其对第三茬（小麦）的残留效应。最初，将六种有机改良剂（稻壳生物炭（RHB）、小麦秸秆生物炭（WSB）、棉棒生物炭（CSB）、家禽粪便（PM）、压泥（PrMd）和农家肥（FM））以 2%的比例施用于含小麦-水稻轮作的 50mgkgCd 污染土壤中。在小麦和水稻作物收获后，再次在相同的花盆中种植小麦（品种 Galaxy）。结果表明，在 Cd 胁迫下生长的植物（不添加任何改良剂）含有更多的组织（根、茎和籽粒）和土壤 AB-DTPA 可提取 Cd。与对照相比，添加 RHB 的土壤 AB-DTPA 可提取 Cd 最低（比对照低 69%）。同样，与对照和其他改良剂相比，RHB 的应用显著降低了小麦根、茎和籽粒中的 Cd 浓度。结果证实了 RHB 残留含量作为一种有效的改良剂，可将 Cd 限制在土壤的非生物可利用库中，并可促进小麦更好地生长和产量。
