Goffinet Bernard, Cox Cymon J, Shaw A Jonathan, Hedderson Terry A J
Department of Botany, Duke University, Box 90339, Durham, NC, 27708-0339, USA Department of Botany, School of Plant Sciences, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AS, UK.
Ann Bot. 2001 Feb 1;87(2):191-208. doi: 10.1006/anbo.2000.1318.
Phylogenetic analyses of nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the chloroplast protein coding gene rps4 were performed for 225 species of mosses, representing 84% of families recognized by Vitt (1984. In: Schuster RM, ed. New manual of bryology , vol 2 . Nichinan: Hattori Botanical Laboratory), under the criterion of maximum parsimony with Takakia and Sphagnum as outgroups. Most parsimonious topologies converge to a scenario wherein the Andreaeidae are monophyletic and sister to the Bryidae (peristomate mosses), the Nematodonteae and the Buxbaumiaceae form a monophyletic lineage, the Diphysciaceae are sister to the Arthrodonteae and, within the latter, the Funarineae-Encalyptineae-Timmiaceae-Haplolepideae compose a monophyletic clade sister to remaining diplolepideous mosses. This hypothesis suggests that early in the evolution of the Arthrodonteae, two major lineages diverged, with opposite and alternate peristomes, respectively. Bootstrap support for the deep dichotomies is poor or lacking but increases when protein translations of rps 4 sequences are included in the analysis. Several novel systematic hypotheses are raised, including ( a ) a diplolepideous rather than haplolepideous origin of the Pleurophascaceae; ( b ) an affinity of the Catascopiaceae with the Funariineae rather than the Bryineae; and ( c ) a close relationship of the Calomniaceae and Mitteniaceae to the Rhizgoniaceae. The advantages and disadvantages of a single gene phylogeny are discussed with respect to the identification of polyphyletic familial or suprafamilial taxa.
以高领藓属（Takakia）和泥炭藓属（Sphagnum）为外类群，在最大简约法标准下，对225种苔藓植物的叶绿体蛋白编码基因rps4的核苷酸和氨基酸序列进行了系统发育分析，这些苔藓植物代表了维特（1984年。载于：舒斯特尔·R·M编著的《苔藓学新手册》第2卷。日南：服部植物实验室）所认可科的84%。大多数简约拓扑结构趋向于一种情形，即黑藓科（Andreaeidae）是单系的，并且是真藓科（Bryidae，有蒴齿苔藓）的姐妹群，线齿藓科（Nematodonteae）和牛毛藓科（Buxbaumiaceae）形成一个单系谱系，双齿藓科（Diphysciaceae）是节齿藓科（Arthrodonteae）的姐妹群，并且在节齿藓科内，真藓亚科（Funarineae）-美姿藓亚科（Encalyptineae）-提灯藓科（Timmiaceae）-单齿藓亚科（Haplolepideae）组成一个单系分支，是其余双齿藓类苔藓的姐妹群。这一假说表明，在节齿藓科的进化早期，两个主要谱系发生了分化，分别具有相对和交替的蒴齿。对这些深度二分法的自展支持较弱或不存在，但当分析中纳入rps4序列的蛋白质翻译时，支持度会增加。提出了几个新的系统发育假说，包括：（a）侧蒴藓科（Pleurophascaceae）起源于双齿藓类而非单齿藓类；（b）角齿藓科（Catascopiaceae）与真藓亚科而非真藓科有亲缘关系；（c）美姿藓科（Calomniaceae）和米氏藓科（Mitteniaceae）与根藓科（Rhizgoniaceae）关系密切。关于多系科或超科级类群的识别，讨论了单基因系统发育的优缺点。
