Catheter lock solutions to prevent CVAD-related infection.

Demand for vascular access devices to meet the clinical needs of patients has increased dramatically in recent years, with a disproportionate increase in the numbers of individuals requiring a central venous access device (CVAD). With this increasing number of patients becoming recipients of CVADs globally each year, the associated incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) is also increasing. In addition, there is strong evidence to demonstrate that antimicrobial resistance is a global challenge. There is a need to change the approach to CVAD management and get back to basics through a clearer understanding of how the incidence of CRBSIs can be reduced. This includes the role of biofilm and how its development can be inhibited through the use of an effective lock solution, and the avoidance of antibiotics.