MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Feb 14;69(6):149-154. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6906a1.
Dengue is a potentially fatal acute febrile illness caused by any of four mosquito-transmitted dengue viruses (DENV-1 to DENV-4) belonging to the family Flaviviridae and endemic throughout the tropics. Competent mosquito vectors of DENV are present in approximately one half of all U.S. counties. To describe epidemiologic trends in travel-associated and locally acquired dengue cases in the United States, CDC analyzed cases reported from the 50 states and District of Columbia to the national arboviral surveillance system (ArboNET). Cases are confirmed by detection of 1) virus RNA by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in any body fluid or tissue, 2) DENV antigen in tissue by a validated assay, 3) DENV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) antigen, or 4) immunoglobulin M (IgM) anti-DENV antibody if the patient did not report travel to an area with other circulating flaviviruses. When travel to an area with other flaviviruses was reported, IgM-positive cases were defined as probable. During 2010-2017, totals of 5,009 (93%) travel-associated and 378 (7%) locally acquired confirmed or probable dengue cases were reported to ArboNET. Cases were equally distributed between males and females, and median age was 41 years. Eighteen (three per 1,000) fatal cases were reported, all among travelers. Travelers should review country-specific recommendations (https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/watch/dengue-asia) for reducing their risk for DENV infection, including using insect repellent and staying in residences with air conditioning or screens on windows and doors.
登革热是一种由蚊媒传播的潜在致命急性发热疾病，由黄病毒科的 4 种登革病毒（DENV-1 至 DENV-4）引起，流行于整个热带地区。有能力传播登革热的蚊子媒介存在于大约一半的美国县。为了描述美国旅行相关和本地获得的登革热病例的流行病学趋势，CDC 分析了向国家虫媒病毒监测系统（ArboNET）报告的来自 50 个州和哥伦比亚特区的病例。病例通过以下方法确认：1）在任何体液或组织中通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测病毒 RNA，2）在组织中通过验证的检测方法检测登革热病毒抗原，3）登革热非结构蛋白 1（NS1）抗原，或 4）如果患者未报告前往其他流行黄病毒的地区，则免疫球蛋白 M（IgM）抗登革热病毒抗体。如果报告了前往其他黄病毒流行地区的旅行，则将 IgM 阳性病例定义为可能病例。在 2010-2017 年期间，向 ArboNET 报告了 5009 例（93%）旅行相关和 378 例（7%）本地获得的确诊或可能的登革热病例。病例在男性和女性之间分布均匀，中位年龄为 41 岁。报告了 18 例（每 1000 例 3 例）致命病例，均为旅行者。旅行者应查看特定国家的建议（https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/watch/dengue-asia），以降低感染登革热的风险，包括使用驱虫剂以及居住在装有空调或门窗有纱窗的住所。
