School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
Automotive Engineering Research Institute Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
PLoS One. 2020 Feb 13;15(2):e0228319. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228319. eCollection 2020.
Privacy protection in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) has always been a research hotspot, especially the issue of vehicle authentication, which is critical to ensure the safe communication of vehicles. However, using the real identity in the process of authentication can easily result in a leak of the privacy information of the vehicles. Therefore, most existing privacy-protection schemes use anonymous authentication and require one-to-one communication between vehicles and the trusted authority (TA). However, when the number of vehicles is too large, network congestion can take place. In addition, the process of updating the anonymous by the TA or the vehicle itself, can result in both poor real-time performance and leakage of the system master key. To solve these problems, this study proposes a fog-computing-based anonymous-authentication scheme for VANETs; the scheme reduces the communication burden of the TA by enabling self-authentication between vehicles and road-side units (RSUs), thus improving the vehicle-authentication efficiency. For updating the anonymous, we design a fog-computing-based pseudonym-updating and -tracking strategy, which guarantees real-time communication and reduces the instances of re-authentication interactions for legitimate vehicles. The experimental results show that the scheme not only meets the privacy-protection requirements of VANETs but also offers better performance than that of the existing anonymous-authentication schemes.
车载自组织网络(VANETs)中的隐私保护一直是研究热点，特别是车辆认证问题，这对于确保车辆的安全通信至关重要。然而，在认证过程中使用真实身份容易导致车辆隐私信息泄露。因此，大多数现有的隐私保护方案使用匿名认证，并要求车辆与可信权威机构(TA)之间进行一对一的通信。然而，当车辆数量过多时，可能会发生网络拥塞。此外，TA 或车辆本身更新匿名的过程会导致实时性能不佳和系统主密钥泄露。为了解决这些问题，本研究提出了一种基于雾计算的 VANET 匿名认证方案；该方案通过使车辆和路边单元(RSU)之间进行自我认证，减轻了 TA 的通信负担，从而提高了车辆认证效率。对于匿名更新，我们设计了一种基于雾计算的假名更新和跟踪策略，保证了实时通信，并减少了合法车辆的重新认证交互次数。实验结果表明，该方案不仅满足 VANETs 的隐私保护要求，而且比现有的匿名认证方案具有更好的性能。
