Peprah Bright Boakye, Parkes Elizabeth, Manu-Aduening Joseph, Kulakow Peter, van Biljon Angeline, Labuschagne Maryke
1CSIR-Crops Research Institute, Kumasi, Ghana.
3Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Euphytica. 2020;216(2):31. doi: 10.1007/s10681-020-2562-7. Epub 2020 Jan 25.
Cassava is widely consumed in many areas of Africa, including Ghana, and is a major part of most household diets. These areas are characterized by rampant malnutrition, because the tuberous roots are low in nutritional value. Provitamin A biofortified cassava varieties have been developed by the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, but adoption of these varieties in Ghana will largely depend on their agronomic performance, including fresh root yield, dry matter content, resistance to major pests and diseases, mealiness, starch content and the stability of these traits. Eight provitamin A varieties with two white checks were planted in three environments for two seasons to determine stability and variability among the varieties for important traits. There were significant variations in performance between varieties and between environments for cassava mosaic disease, root number, fresh root yield and starch content. High broad-sense heritability and genetic advance were observed in all traits, except for storage root number, and could be exploited through improvement programs. This study identified the best performing enhanced provitamin A varieties for traits that are key drivers of variety adoption in Ghana. In view of this, some varieties can be recommended for varietal release after on-farm testing. The study also showed the possibility of tapping heterosis after careful selection of parents.
木薯在包括加纳在内的非洲许多地区被广泛食用，是大多数家庭饮食的主要组成部分。这些地区营养不良现象猖獗，因为木薯块根营养价值低。国际热带农业研究所已培育出富含维生素A原的木薯品种，但这些品种在加纳的推广将很大程度上取决于其农艺性能，包括鲜根产量、干物质含量、对主要病虫害的抗性、粉质度、淀粉含量以及这些性状的稳定性。八个富含维生素A原的品种与两个白色对照品种在三种环境下种植了两个季节，以确定各品种重要性状的稳定性和变异性。木薯花叶病、根数、鲜根产量和淀粉含量在品种间和环境间的表现存在显著差异。除贮藏根数外，所有性状均表现出较高的广义遗传力和遗传进展，可通过改良计划加以利用。本研究确定了在加纳作为品种采用关键驱动因素的性状方面表现最佳的强化维生素A原品种。鉴于此，一些品种可在进行田间试验后推荐用于品种发布。该研究还表明，在精心选择亲本后利用杂种优势的可能性。
