Robledo-Retana Tania, Mani Blessy M, Teran Luis M
Biochemistry Department, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Rd, London, E1 4NS, UK.
Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
World Allergy Organ J. 2020 Feb 5;13(2):100104. doi: 10.1016/j.waojou.2020.100104. eCollection 2020 Feb.
Respiratory allergies are important medical conditions because they affect nearly 20% of the population worldwide, with higher prevalence in industrialized cities. Aeroallergens such as pollen are responsible for up to 40% of respiratory allergies. The pollen from (privet hedge) is a great source of inhalant allergens associated with allergic respiratory diseases around the world. However, it has been underestimated as a sensitization factor. Interestingly, over the last few years a number of novel allergens have been identified from using immunoproteomics technologies. Cross-linking of IgE and allergens could lead to the rapid release of inflammatory mediators by mast cells and basophils. These will promote a late response characterized by activation of T cells and overproduction of Th2 cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13. These inflammatory changes cause respiratory diseases like asthma and allergic rhinitis in sensitized subjects. Here, we review pollen allergens and focus on their clinical and immunological significance in allergic disease as well as the use of hypoallergenic derivatives in personalized therapy.
呼吸道过敏是重要的医学病症，因为它们影响着全球近20%的人口，在工业化城市中的患病率更高。花粉等气传变应原导致高达40%的呼吸道过敏。女贞（女贞树篱）花粉是世界各地与过敏性呼吸道疾病相关的吸入性变应原的重要来源。然而，它作为致敏因素一直被低估。有趣的是，在过去几年中，通过免疫蛋白质组学技术从女贞中鉴定出了许多新型变应原。IgE与女贞变应原的交联可导致肥大细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞快速释放炎症介质。这些将促进以T细胞激活和IL-4、IL-5、IL-9和IL-13等Th2细胞因子过度产生为特征的迟发反应。这些炎症变化在致敏个体中引起哮喘和过敏性鼻炎等呼吸道疾病。在此，我们综述女贞花粉变应原，并重点关注它们在过敏性疾病中的临床和免疫学意义以及低变应原性衍生物在个性化治疗中的应用。
