Ingram Gwyneth C
Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, University of Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, Lyon, France.
F1000Res. 2020 Jan 14;9. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.21527.1. eCollection 2020.
The zygotic embryos of angiosperms develop buried deep within seeds and surrounded by two main extra-embryonic tissues: the maternally derived seed coat tissues and the zygotic endosperm. Generally, these tissues are considered to play an important role in nurturing the developing embryo by acting as conduits for maternally derived nutrients. They are also critical for key seed traits (dormancy establishment and control, longevity, and physical resistance) and thus for seed and seedling survival. However, recent studies have highlighted the fact that extra-embryonic tissues in the seed also physically and metabolically limit embryonic development and that unique mechanisms may have evolved to overcome specific developmental and genetic constraints associated with the seed habit in angiosperms. The aim of this review is to illustrate how these studies have begun to reveal the highly complex physical and physiological relationship between extra-embryonic tissues and the developing embryo. Where possible I focus on Arabidopsis because of space constraints, but other systems will be cited where relevant.
被子植物的合子胚发育于种子内部深处，被两种主要的胚外组织包围：母本来源的种皮组织和合子胚乳。一般来说，这些组织被认为通过作为母本来源营养物质的传导途径，在滋养发育中的胚方面发挥重要作用。它们对于关键的种子性状（休眠的建立与控制、寿命和物理抗性）也至关重要，因此对于种子和幼苗的存活也很关键。然而，最近的研究强调了这样一个事实，即种子中的胚外组织在物理和代谢方面也会限制胚的发育，并且可能已经进化出独特的机制来克服与被子植物种子习性相关的特定发育和遗传限制。本综述的目的是说明这些研究如何开始揭示胚外组织与发育中胚之间高度复杂的物理和生理关系。由于篇幅限制，我尽可能聚焦于拟南芥，但在相关情况下也会引用其他系统。
