Independent researcher.
Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics.
J Affect Disord. 2020 Apr 1;266:549-555. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.176. Epub 2020 Jan 29.
There has been mixed evidence about whether major depression predicts drinking onset. Empirical evidence about whether the heterogeneity of major depressive symptoms differentially predicts drinking onset is scarce, and potential sex- and age-variations have not been fully studied. In this study, we estimate sex- and age-specific relationships linking (a) depressed mood and/or anhedonia with drinking onset among all 'at-risk' individuals and (b) three latent depressive constructs, manifested by 13 clinical features, with drinking onset among individuals with depressed mood and/or anhedonia.
Study population was non-institutionalized civilian residents 12 years of age and older living in the United States. Major depressive symptoms and drinking onset were assessed via audio-computer-assisted self-interviews. Logistic regressions and structural equation modeling were used for analysis.
Among all 'at risk' individuals, depressed mood or anhedonia strongly predicted early-adolescent drinking onset, whereas they did not predict at-age drinking onset. Among individuals with depressed mood or anhedonia, a 3-factor model provided a good fit to the data for all sex- and age-subgroups. With the exception of early-adolescent boys, neurovegetative symptoms and suicide-related symptoms tended to positively predict underage drinking onset, whereas Low mood or energy tended to inversely predict underage drinking onset; limited evidence was found for at-age and post-21 drinking onset.
The observational nature precludes causal inference. Few people initiated alcohol drinking later than 21 years of age, which resulted in less precise estimates.
Strengths and directions of major depressive symptoms predicting drinking onset vary across age, sex, and depressive symptoms.
重度抑郁症是否会导致饮酒开始存在混合证据。关于重度抑郁症状的异质性是否会不同地预测饮酒开始的证据很少，并且尚未充分研究潜在的性别和年龄差异。在这项研究中，我们估计了（a）抑郁情绪和/或快感缺失与所有“高危”个体饮酒开始之间的关系，以及（b）由 13 个临床特征表现出的三个潜在抑郁结构，与抑郁情绪和/或快感缺失个体的饮酒开始之间的关系。
研究人群是非机构化的美国 12 岁及以上的平民居民。重度抑郁症状和饮酒开始通过音频计算机辅助自我访谈进行评估。使用逻辑回归和结构方程模型进行分析。
在所有“高危”个体中，抑郁情绪或快感缺失强烈预测青少年早期饮酒开始，而与年龄相关的饮酒开始无关。在有抑郁情绪或快感缺失的个体中，三因素模型在所有性别和年龄组中均能很好地拟合数据。除了青少年早期的男孩外，神经植物症状和与自杀相关的症状往往会正向预测未成年饮酒开始，而情绪低落或精力不足则往往会反向预测未成年饮酒开始；在年龄相关和 21 岁以后饮酒开始方面，证据有限。
观察性研究性质排除了因果关系推断。很少有人在 21 岁以后开始饮酒，这导致估计结果不够精确。
重度抑郁症状预测饮酒开始的强度和方向因年龄、性别和抑郁症状而异。
