Istituto di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara" IFAC, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
American Farm School, 54 Marinou Antypa Street, P.O. Box 23, 55102 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Sensors (Basel). 2020 Feb 12;20(4):983. doi: 10.3390/s20040983.
Non-destructive tools for the in situ evaluation of vine fruit quality and vineyard management can improve the market value of table grape. We proposed a new approach based on a portable fluorescence sensor to map the ripening level of Crimson Seedless table grape in five different plots in the East, Central-North and South of the Macedonia Region of Greece. The sensor provided indices of ripening and color such as SFR and ANTH correlated to the chlorophyll and anthocyanin berry contents, respectively. The mean ANTH index was significantly different among all the plots examined due to the occurrence of different environmental conditions and/or asynchronous ripening processes. The indices presented moderate, poor in some cases, spatial variability, probably due to a significant vine-to-vine, intra-vine and intra-bunch variability. The cluster analysis was applied to the plot with the most evident spatial structure (at Kilkis). Krigged maps of the SFR, ANTH and yield were classified by k-means clustering in two-zones that differed significantly in their mean values. ANTH and SFR were inversely correlated over 64% of the plot. SFR appeared to be a potential useful proxy of yield since it was directly correlated to yield over 66% of the plot. The grape color (ANTH) was slightly higher over the low-yield zones with respect to the high-yield zones. Our study showed that the combination of anthocyanins and chlorophyll indices detected in the field on Crimson Seedless table grape by a portable fluorescence sensor can help in defining the best harvest time and the best areas for harvesting.
用于原位评估葡萄果实品质和葡萄园管理的非破坏性工具可以提高食用葡萄的市场价值。我们提出了一种新的方法，基于便携式荧光传感器，对希腊马其顿地区东部、中北部和南部的五个不同地块的 Crimson Seedless 食用葡萄的成熟度进行了图谱绘制。该传感器提供了与叶绿素和花青素浆果含量分别相关的成熟度和颜色指数，如 SFR 和 ANTH。由于不同的环境条件和/或不同步的成熟过程，所有检查的地块之间的平均 ANTH 指数存在显著差异。由于存在显著的葡萄藤间、葡萄藤内和葡萄串内的变异性，这些指数表现出中等程度的、在某些情况下较差的空间变异性。聚类分析应用于具有最明显空间结构的地块（在基尔基斯）。对 SFR、ANTH 和产量的克里金图进行了 k-均值聚类分类，分为两个区域，其平均值差异显著。ANTH 和 SFR 在 64%以上的地块上呈反相关。SFR 似乎是产量的一个潜在有用的替代指标，因为它在 66%以上的地块上与产量直接相关。与高产量区相比，低产量区的葡萄颜色（ANTH）略高。我们的研究表明，便携式荧光传感器在 Crimson Seedless 食用葡萄上田间检测到的花青素和叶绿素指数的组合，可以帮助确定最佳收获时间和最佳收获区域。
