Immunobiology & Transplant Science Center and Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Urology, Southeast University Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China.
Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute and Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Cell Immunol. 2020 Mar;349:104064. doi: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104064. Epub 2020 Feb 8.
The shift of emphasis from short-term to long-term graft outcomes has led to renewed interests in how the innate immune cells regulate transplant survival, an area that is traditionally dominated by T cells in the adaptive system. This shift is driven largely by the limited efficacy of current immunosuppression protocols which primarily target T cells in preventing chronic graft loss, as well as by the rapid advance of basic sciences in the realm of innate immunity. In fact, the innate immune cells have emerged as key players in the allograft response in various models, contributing to both graft rejection and graft acceptance. Here, we focus on the macrophages, highlighting their diversity, plasticity and emerging features in transplant models, as well as recent developments in our studies of diverse subsets of macrophages. We also discuss challenges, unsolved questions, and emerging approaches in therapeutically modulating macrophages in further improvement of transplant outcomes.
重点从短期移植物结局转移到长期移植物结局，这使得人们重新关注固有免疫细胞如何调节移植的存活，固有免疫系统在这一领域传统上以 T 细胞为主导。这种转变主要是由于当前的免疫抑制方案效果有限，这些方案主要针对 T 细胞，以防止慢性移植物丢失，以及固有免疫领域基础科学的快速发展。事实上，固有免疫细胞已成为各种模型中同种异体反应的关键参与者，既促进移植物排斥反应，也促进移植物接受。在这里，我们重点关注巨噬细胞，强调它们在移植模型中的多样性、可塑性和新特征，以及我们对不同巨噬细胞亚群的研究的最新进展。我们还讨论了在进一步改善移植结果方面，调节巨噬细胞的治疗方法所面临的挑战、未解决的问题和新方法。
