Yang S C, Lyu J, Li L M
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2020 Jan 10;41(1):1-5. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.01.001.
Epidemiology is a discipline integrating methodology and applied science, whose mission is to prevent and control diseases and promote health. This review introduces the new progress of epidemiology from five aspects: communicable diseases, chronic diseases, systems epidemiology, implementation research and big data of health care. New projects and constantly emerging technologies in the field of infectious diseases are inspiring, while more attention should be paid to the environmental factors of pathogen variation. In the field of chronic diseases, there is an urgent need to study the multimorbidity of the elderly. The role of infectious inducers and human microbiota in the occurrence and development of chronic diseases has been gradually revealed. Systems epidemiology, which is of great significance to achieve precision prevention is a new branch and an important supplement of modern epidemiology. Implementation research, is a bridge connecting basic scientific research and public health practice and will provide evidence to support the effective implementation of the Health China Action Plan. The development of health care big data is based on digital public health, which provides a broad research platform and abundant data resources for epidemiology, and will promote the fundamental transformation of the service and management mode of public health.
流行病学是一门融合方法学与应用科学的学科，其使命是预防和控制疾病并促进健康。本综述从传染病、慢性病、系统流行病学、实施研究和医疗大数据五个方面介绍了流行病学的新进展。传染病领域的新项目和不断涌现的技术令人鼓舞，但应更加关注病原体变异的环境因素。在慢性病领域，迫切需要研究老年人的多病共存问题。感染诱导因素和人体微生物群在慢性病发生发展中的作用已逐渐显现。系统流行病学对于实现精准预防具有重要意义，是现代流行病学的一个新分支和重要补充。实施研究是连接基础科研与公共卫生实践的桥梁，将为支持“健康中国行动计划”的有效实施提供证据。医疗大数据的发展基于数字公共卫生，为流行病学提供了广阔的研究平台和丰富的数据资源，并将推动公共卫生服务和管理模式的根本转变。
