Instituto de Fisiología Celular -Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México City, Mexico.
El Colegio Nacional Mexico City, Mexico.
Cogn Neuropsychol. 2020 May-Jun;37(3-4):220-223. doi: 10.1080/02643294.2020.1728241. Epub 2020 Feb 18.
Several thousand years ago, our human ancestors realized that the brain was the organ of the mind and movement. But, how does the brain generate a voluntary movement and adds consciousness to it? Here, we assume that these two processes can be explained by neuroscience, but a large proportion of our society -including some scientists- considers consciousness as some immaterial substance that dwells in our body. As consequence of these divided opinions, several theories have recently emerged with the aim of explaining consciousness. These theories in no order of importance, but definitely in the order of complexity, are the global workspace (GWT), attention schema (AST), higher order-thought (HOT) and illusionist (IT) theories. All these theories originate from different backgrounds, and each tries to explain different components of consciousness: from a pure neurobiological (GWT) interpretation to a pure psychological-folk interpretation (IT).
几千年前,我们的人类祖先意识到大脑是思维和运动的器官。但是,大脑是如何产生自主运动并赋予其意识的呢?在这里,我们假设这两个过程可以用神经科学来解释,但我们社会中的很大一部分人——包括一些科学家——认为意识是某种存在于我们身体中的非物质物质。由于这些意见分歧,最近出现了几种理论来解释意识。这些理论的重要性没有先后顺序,但复杂性肯定是有先后顺序的,分别是全局工作空间(GWT)、注意图式(AST)、高阶思维(HOT)和错觉论(IT)理论。所有这些理论都源自不同的背景,每种理论都试图解释意识的不同组成部分:从纯粹的神经生物学(GWT)解释到纯粹的心理-民间解释(IT)。