Stack Steven
Department of Criminology, 3205 FAB, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 2020 Oct;262:112690. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112690. Epub 2020 Feb 4.
By providing information on help-seeking resources (HSR), Google's Suicide Prevention Results (SPR) fill a void, because less than 30% of news reports provide such information. This article addresses larger issues on media guidelines and suicide prevention. First, studies on the effects of providing HSR provide little support for a reduction in suicide. Second, research on the effects of other media guidelines often does not report the anticipated reductions in suicide. Third, although research does tend to support an increase in suicide after publicized suicides of celebrities, it does not necessarily happen for all categories of celebrity suicides. Fourth, there has been a lack of integration of (a) research on imitative effects of publicized suicides and (b) content analysis of stories' adherence to guidelines. Fifth, an associated puzzle is that (a) most research findings (64.2%) show no increase in suicide rates after suicide stories, while (b) most content analyses document widespread violations of media guidelines. Apparently, stories often violate media guidelines, but there is often no anticipated increase in suicide deaths. Rigorous research is needed to fully evaluate which media guidelines matter, and to determine the efficacy of Google's SPR program.
通过提供寻求帮助资源（HSR）的信息，谷歌的自杀预防结果（SPR）填补了一项空白，因为不到30%的新闻报道会提供此类信息。本文探讨了媒体指南和自杀预防方面的更大问题。首先，关于提供HSR的效果的研究几乎没有为降低自杀率提供支持。其次，关于其他媒体指南效果的研究往往没有报告预期的自杀率下降情况。第三，尽管研究确实倾向于支持在名人自杀事件公开后自杀率会上升，但并非所有类型的名人自杀事件都会如此。第四，在（a）公开自杀事件的模仿效应研究和（b）报道对指南遵守情况的内容分析之间缺乏整合。第五，一个相关的谜题是，（a）大多数研究结果（64.2%）表明自杀事件报道后自杀率没有上升，而（b）大多数内容分析记录了媒体指南的广泛违反情况。显然，报道常常违反媒体指南，但自杀死亡人数通常没有预期的增加。需要进行严谨的研究来全面评估哪些媒体指南至关重要，并确定谷歌SPR项目的效果。
