Pfavayi Lorraine Tsitsi, Sibanda Elopy Nimele, Mutapi Francisca
Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom,
Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2020;181(4):257-269. doi: 10.1159/000506009. Epub 2020 Feb 18.
The prevalence of allergic diseases in the African continent has received limited attention with the allergic diseases due to fungal allergens being among the least studied. This lead to the opinion being that the prevalence of allergic disease is low in Africa. Recent reports from different African countries indicate that this is not the case as allergic conditions are common and some; particularly those due to fungal allergens are increasing in prevalence. Thus, there is need to understand both the aetiology and pathogenies of these diseases, particularly the neglected fungal allergic diseases. This review addresses currently available knowledge of fungal-induced allergy, disease pathogenesis comparing findings from human versus experimental mouse studies of fungal allergy. The review discusses the potential role of the gut mycobiome and the extent to which this is relevant to fungal allergy, diagnosis and human health.
非洲大陆过敏性疾病的患病率受到的关注有限，其中由真菌过敏原引起的过敏性疾病是研究最少的。这导致人们认为非洲过敏性疾病的患病率较低。来自不同非洲国家的近期报告表明情况并非如此，因为过敏状况很常见，而且有些过敏状况，尤其是由真菌过敏原引起的过敏状况，患病率正在上升。因此，有必要了解这些疾病的病因和发病机制，特别是被忽视的真菌过敏性疾病。本综述阐述了目前关于真菌诱导过敏的已有知识、疾病发病机制，并比较了人类与实验小鼠真菌过敏研究的结果。该综述讨论了肠道真菌群落的潜在作用及其与真菌过敏、诊断和人类健康的相关程度。
