Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000 Caen, France.
Clinique de Soins de Suite et de Réadaptation Korian Côte Normande, 14123 Ifs, France.
Addict Behav. 2020 Jun;105:106350. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106350. Epub 2020 Feb 8.
Neuropsychological impairments found in recently detoxified patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) can limit the benefit of psychosocial treatments and increase the risk of relapse. These neuropsychological deficits are reversible with abstinence. The aim of this retrospective clinical study was to investigate whether a short-term stay as inpatients in a convalescent home enables neuropsychological deficits observed in recently detoxified AUD patients to recover and even performance to return to normal.
Neuropsychological data were collected in 84 AUD patients. Five neuropsychological components were assessed before and after a three-week stay in a convalescent home offering multidisciplinary support. Baseline and follow-up performance were compared in the entire group of patients and in subgroups defined by the nature and intensity of the therapy (OCCASIONAL: occasional occupational and physical therapy; INTENSIVE: intensive occupational and physical therapy and neuropsychological training).
In the entire group of patients, neuropsychological performance significantly improved between baseline and follow-up for all 5 components and even returned to a normal level for 4 of them. The ratio of patients with impaired performance was significantly lower at follow-up than baseline examination for 3 components in the INTENSIVE group only.
Recently detoxified AUD patients with cognitive deficits benefit from a short-term stay in an environment ensuring sobriety and healthy nutrition. Cognitive recovery may be enhanced by intensive care including neuropsychological training. Alcohol programs could be postponed in patients with cognitive deficits in order to offer psychosocial treatment when patients are cognitively able to benefit from it.
在最近戒断酒精使用障碍（AUD）的患者中发现的神经认知损伤会限制心理社会治疗的益处，并增加复发的风险。这些神经认知缺陷在戒酒后是可以逆转的。本回顾性临床研究的目的是调查在疗养院进行短期住院治疗是否使最近戒断的 AUD 患者观察到的神经认知缺陷得到恢复，甚至表现恢复正常。
共收集了 84 名 AUD 患者的神经认知数据。在一个提供多学科支持的康复院进行为期三周的住院治疗前后，评估了 5 个神经认知成分。比较了整个患者组以及根据治疗性质和强度定义的亚组（OCCASIONAL：偶尔的职业和物理治疗；INTENSIVE：密集的职业和物理治疗以及神经认知训练）的基线和随访表现。
在整个患者组中，所有 5 个成分的神经认知表现均在基线和随访之间显著改善，甚至其中 4 个成分恢复到正常水平。仅在 INTENSIVE 组中，有 3 个成分的患者在随访时的表现受损比例明显低于基线检查。
最近戒断的 AUD 患者伴有认知缺陷，可从确保清醒和健康营养的短期住院中受益。包括神经认知训练在内的强化护理可能会增强认知恢复。对于认知有缺陷的患者，可以推迟酒精治疗方案，以便在患者能够从心理社会治疗中受益时提供治疗。
