老年人的功能视野与大细胞而不是小细胞通路上的对比辨别力有关。

The Functional Field of View of Older Adults is Associated With Contrast Discrimination in the Magnocellular not Parvocellular Pathway.

机构信息

School of Health and Life Sciences, Federation University, Churchill, Victoria, Australia.

School of Applied Psychology, Menzies Research Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.

出版信息

J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2021 Jun 14;76(6):1086-1094. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbaa028.

DOI:10.1093/geronb/gbaa028

PMID:32072173

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

As we age, the functional field of view (FFOV) declines and these declines predict falls and motor vehicle accidents in older adults (Owsley, C. (2013). Visual processing speed. Vision Research, 90, 52-56. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2012.11.014). To increase understanding of possible causes of this decline, the current study explored whether the FFOV in older adults is associated with the sensitivity of the magnocellular and parvocellular sub-cortical pathways.

METHOD

Forty-four younger (M = 27.18, SD = 5.40 years) and 44 older (M = 72.18, SD = 5.82 years) adults completed an FFOV test and the steady- and pulsed-pedestal paradigms of Pokorny and Smith (Pokorny, J., & Smith, V. C. (1997). Psychophysical signatures associated with magnocellular and parvocellular pathway contrast gain. Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision, 14, 2477-2486. doi:10.1364/josaa.14.002477) as measures of magnocellular and parvocellular pathways, respectively.

RESULTS

Older adults made more FFOV errors and had higher contrast discrimination thresholds in both the steady- and pulsed-pedestal paradigms, than younger adults. FFOV errors in the younger group were not related to contrast discrimination thresholds. In multiple regression, older group FFOV errors showed a strong unique association with contrast discrimination thresholds mediated via the magnocellular, but not the parvocellular pathway.

DISCUSSION

We infer that reduced magnocellular pathway contrast sensitivity may contribute to reduced functional vision in older adults.

摘要

目的

随着年龄的增长，功能视野 (FFOV) 会下降，这些下降预测老年人会跌倒和发生机动车事故 (Owsley, C. (2013). Visual processing speed. Vision Research, 90, 52-56. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2012.11.014)。为了更深入地了解这种下降的可能原因，本研究探讨了老年人的 FFOV 是否与大细胞和小细胞皮层下通路的敏感性有关。

方法

44 名年轻 (M = 27.18，SD = 5.40 岁) 和 44 名年长 (M = 72.18，SD = 5.82 岁) 成年人完成了 FFOV 测试和 Pokorny 和 Smith 的稳态和脉冲基底范式 (Pokorny, J., & Smith, V. C. (1997). Psychophysical signatures associated with magnocellular and parvocellular pathway contrast gain. Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision, 14, 2477-2486. doi:10.1364/josaa.14.002477)，分别作为大细胞和小细胞通路的测量指标。