School of Health and Life Sciences, Federation University, Churchill, Victoria, Australia.
School of Applied Psychology, Menzies Research Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2021 Jun 14;76(6):1086-1094. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbaa028.
As we age, the functional field of view (FFOV) declines and these declines predict falls and motor vehicle accidents in older adults (Owsley, C. (2013). Visual processing speed. Vision Research, 90, 52-56. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2012.11.014). To increase understanding of possible causes of this decline, the current study explored whether the FFOV in older adults is associated with the sensitivity of the magnocellular and parvocellular sub-cortical pathways.
Forty-four younger (M = 27.18, SD = 5.40 years) and 44 older (M = 72.18, SD = 5.82 years) adults completed an FFOV test and the steady- and pulsed-pedestal paradigms of Pokorny and Smith (Pokorny, J., & Smith, V. C. (1997). Psychophysical signatures associated with magnocellular and parvocellular pathway contrast gain. Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision, 14, 2477-2486. doi:10.1364/josaa.14.002477) as measures of magnocellular and parvocellular pathways, respectively.
Older adults made more FFOV errors and had higher contrast discrimination thresholds in both the steady- and pulsed-pedestal paradigms, than younger adults. FFOV errors in the younger group were not related to contrast discrimination thresholds. In multiple regression, older group FFOV errors showed a strong unique association with contrast discrimination thresholds mediated via the magnocellular, but not the parvocellular pathway.
We infer that reduced magnocellular pathway contrast sensitivity may contribute to reduced functional vision in older adults.
随着年龄的增长，功能视野 (FFOV) 会下降，这些下降预测老年人会跌倒和发生机动车事故 (Owsley, C. (2013). Visual processing speed. Vision Research, 90, 52-56. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2012.11.014)。为了更深入地了解这种下降的可能原因，本研究探讨了老年人的 FFOV 是否与大细胞和小细胞皮层下通路的敏感性有关。
44 名年轻 (M = 27.18，SD = 5.40 岁) 和 44 名年长 (M = 72.18，SD = 5.82 岁) 成年人完成了 FFOV 测试和 Pokorny 和 Smith 的稳态和脉冲基底范式 (Pokorny, J., & Smith, V. C. (1997). Psychophysical signatures associated with magnocellular and parvocellular pathway contrast gain. Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision, 14, 2477-2486. doi:10.1364/josaa.14.002477)，分别作为大细胞和小细胞通路的测量指标。
年长组在稳态和脉冲基底范式中都比年轻组犯了更多的 FFOV 错误，并且对比敏感度阈值更高。年轻组的 FFOV 错误与对比敏感度阈值无关。在多元回归中，年长组的 FFOV 错误与大细胞通路的对比敏感度阈值呈强烈的、独特的关联，而与小细胞通路无关。
我们推断，大细胞通路对比敏感度降低可能导致老年人的功能性视力下降。
