An image analysis morphometric method for the study of myelinated nerve fibers from mouse trigeminal root.

For the morphometric light microscopic study of myelinated fibers in mouse trigeminal root, it was necessary to write: (1) an entirely automatic analysis program for the myelinated axons inside the myelin sheath, based on the detection of the myelin sheaths, and (2) an interactive analysis program for the myelinated fibers outside the myelin sheath, due to the high density of compactness of the myelinated fibers based on an indirect fiber individualization by reconstructing them from their axons. In the latter, a semiautomatic correction method (drawing the profile contours with a light pen) allowed compensation for the failures of the automatic method, except for the smallest fibers, which represented 8% of the total. Using these programs, 95% of the axons could be measured and 92% of the myelinated fibers whose axons were analyzed could be measured. The area-equivalent diameter was independent of the detection method; it is a correct-size measurement parameter for axons and fibers that is unrelated to their shape. The projected diameter, an estimation of the perimeter obtained by measurement of the profile projections, depended upon the detection method because the profile contour was influenced by the detection method; it thus takes into account the profile shape. For myelinated fibers, whose analysis program used two detection methods (automatic and semiautomatic), there was an average difference of 16% between the projected diameters obtained with these two methods, whereas the equivalent diameter value was the same. The fiber circularity factor could not be precisely estimated because of the detection error; the axon circularity factor was more reliable since the axon detection was completely automatic.