Ye Xiaokang, Rodríguez-Piñeiro José, Liu Yuan, Yin Xuefeng, Pérez Yuste Antonio
College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200082 China.
National Computer and Information Technology Practical Education Demonstration Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200082 China.
Sensors (Basel). 2020 Feb 14;20(4):1035. doi: 10.3390/s20041035.
Time difference of arrival (TDoA) technology is widely utilized for source localization, which stimulates many studies on performance-evaluation approaches for TDoA localization systems. Some approaches using simulations are designed merely for a simple Line-of-Sight (LoS) scenario while some other ones using experiments show high cost and inefficiency. This paper proposes an integrated approach to evaluate a TDoA localization system in an area with a complicated environment. Radio propagation graph is applied through a simulation to obtain channel impulse responses (CIRs) between a source to be located and the TDoA sensors for the area. Realistic signals received by the sensors in baseband are emulated combining the source transmitted signal and the CIRs. A hardware unit takes charge of sending the radio emulated received signals to the system under test, which is consistent with real experimental measurements. Statistical analysis of the system is allowed based on localization errors obtained comparing the system's estimates with the ground truth of the source location. Verified results for LoS and non-LoS scenarios with variable transmitted signal bandwidths and signal-to-noise ratios, as well as for three variations of the sensor locations in an automobile circuit, show the usability of the proposed experiment-free performance-evaluation approach.
到达时间差（TDoA）技术被广泛用于源定位，这激发了许多关于TDoA定位系统性能评估方法的研究。一些使用模拟的方法仅针对简单的视距（LoS）场景设计，而其他一些使用实验的方法则显示出高成本和低效率。本文提出了一种综合方法来评估复杂环境区域中的TDoA定位系统。通过模拟应用无线电传播图，以获得待定位源与该区域的TDoA传感器之间的信道冲激响应（CIR）。结合源发射信号和CIR来模拟传感器在基带接收到的实际信号。一个硬件单元负责将无线电模拟接收信号发送到被测系统，这与实际实验测量一致。基于通过将系统估计值与源位置的地面真值进行比较而获得的定位误差，可以对系统进行统计分析。针对具有可变发射信号带宽和信噪比的LoS和非LoS场景，以及汽车电路中传感器位置的三种变化情况的验证结果，表明了所提出的无实验性能评估方法的可用性。
