Chin Jennifer, Salcedo Jennifer, Raidoo Shandhini
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96826, USA.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78501, USA.
Pharmacy (Basel). 2020 Feb 15;8(1):20. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy8010020.
Since the United States Food and Drug Administration's approval of over-the-counter levonorgestrel emergency contraception, access to this time-sensitive medication has improved. However, multiple barriers, including the cost of the medication and pharmacy availability, still exist. The objective of this study was to determine the over-the-counter availability of levonorgestrel emergency contraception in pharmacies on Oahu, Hawaii. We conducted a cross-sectional population-based study using in-person simulated patient encounters at all pharmacies on Oahu. Out of 109 chain pharmacies and 13 independent pharmacies, 102 (84%) pharmacies had levonorgestrel emergency contraception available over the counter. Of pharmacies in which it was available, 12.7% required an employee to unlock the medication, 37.3% required the medication to be unlocked at the register, 29.4% were packaged in a large plastic box, and 3.9% were packaged in a blister pack. Levonorgestrel emergency contraception is widely available as an over-the-counter medication in pharmacies on Oahu, yet there are packaging and display practices that make it less accessible. Many of these practices could be improved with pharmacy education or changes in store policies. Systems-based interventions are needed to improve the access to levonorgestrel emergency contraception as an over-the-counter medication.
自美国食品药品监督管理局批准非处方左炔诺孕酮紧急避孕药以来,获取这种时效性药物的情况有所改善。然而,包括药物成本和药店供应情况在内的多重障碍仍然存在。本研究的目的是确定夏威夷瓦胡岛各药店非处方左炔诺孕酮紧急避孕药的供应情况。我们在瓦胡岛的所有药店进行了一项基于人群的横断面研究,采用亲自模拟患者购药的方式。在109家连锁药店和13家独立药店中,有102家(84%)药店有非处方左炔诺孕酮紧急避孕药可供销售。在有该药物销售的药店中,12.7%需要员工开锁拿药,37.3%需要在收银台开锁拿药,29.4%包装在一个大塑料盒中,3.9%包装在泡罩包装中。左炔诺孕酮紧急避孕药在瓦胡岛的药店中作为非处方药广泛供应,但存在一些包装和陈列方式使其较难获取。通过药店培训或商店政策的改变,许多这些情况是可以改善的。需要基于系统的干预措施来改善获取非处方左炔诺孕酮紧急避孕药的情况。